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Criminal Investigation as an Art
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Criminal Investigation as an Art

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of criminal investigation is attributed to perspiration, according to Hans Gross?

  • 98%
  • 90%
  • 95% (correct)
  • 80%
  • What is the primary goal of verifying a criminal complaint during an investigation?

  • To verify if the criminal complaint is bona fide (correct)
  • To recover weapons used
  • To arrest the perpetrator
  • To determine if a crime has been committed
  • What type of investigation is initiated based on reports and complaints filed to a law enforcement agency?

  • Non-criminal investigation
  • Covert investigation
  • Re-active investigation (correct)
  • Pro-active investigation
  • Which of the following is NOT a category of criminal investigation?

    <p>Scientific investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of a criminal investigation, as stated in the content?

    <p>To recommend or refer the best possible case to the prosecutor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of investigation is conducted to catch the criminal in the act of committing a crime?

    <p>Decoy operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What refers to the beliefs regarding the evidence, patterns, leads, tips and other information developed and uncovered in the case?

    <p>Theories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of investigation is an official inquiry conducted by the government agency to uncover facts and determine the truth?

    <p>Formal investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of investigation is conducted to identify the original sources of data or causes of problems?

    <p>Research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of investigation is pursued by the members of the press?

    <p>Investigative Reporting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Criminal Investigation as an Art

    • Criminal investigation is considered an art because it doesn't follow rigid rules or principles and is often governed by intuition, felicity (inspiration), and chance (or luck to a minor extent)
    • Hans Gross states that criminal investigation is 95% perspiration, 3% inspiration, and 2% luck, emphasizing the importance of effort in investigations

    Criminal Investigation as a Process

    • Criminal investigation is a patient, step-by-step, and meticulous examination of something or somebody related to a criminal incident
    • It involves a systematic approach to gather information and evidence

    Goals of Criminal Investigation

    • Determine if a crime has been committed
    • Verify the legitimacy of a criminal complaint
    • Gather legally obtained information and evidence to identify criminal offenders
    • Arrest the perpetrator
    • Reconstruct the crime scene
    • Obtain admission or confession through interviews and interrogations
    • Recover weapons, stolen properties, and proceeds of the crime
    • Establish the motive and criminal intent of the offender
    • Determine and analyze the modus operandi
    • Determine the gravity of the offense
    • Recommend or refer the best possible case to the prosecutor

    Categories of Criminal Investigation

    • Criminal Investigation: inquiry conducted by law enforcement agencies to investigate the commission of a crime
    • Non-Criminal Investigation: inquiry conducted on non-criminal incidents or events
    • Reactive Investigation (Overt Investigation): initiated based on reports and complaints filed to a law enforcement agency
    • Proactive Investigation (Covert Investigation): conducted before and during the commission of the offense to catch the criminal in the act

    Components of Criminal Investigation

    • Pattern: series of similarities that link a case or indicate that the same person is committing a series of crimes
    • Leads: clues or pieces of information that aid in the progress of an investigation
    • Tips: leads provided by citizens that aid in the progress of an investigation
    • Theories: beliefs regarding evidence, patterns, leads, tips, and other information developed and uncovered in the case

    Forms of Investigation

    • Formal Investigation: official inquiry conducted by a government agency to uncover facts and determine the truth
    • Inquest: effort to search for the basic cause of an incident, such as the commission of a crime
    • Inquisition: historical description of a penetrating investigation concerning a religious issue
    • Probe: extensive search inquiry conducted by a government agency
    • Research: careful and patient investigation done by scientists or scholars to identify original sources of data or causes of problems
    • Investigative Reporting: a recent type of investigation pursued by members of the press

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    Description

    This quiz explores the concept of criminal investigation as an art, its differences from a science, and the factors that govern investigative activities.

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