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What is the motto of Winsmart Academy?
What is the motto of Winsmart Academy?
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Crime has been and will continue to be a crucial issue in the affairs of Homo sapiens.
Crime has been and will continue to be a crucial issue in the affairs of Homo sapiens.
True
What is the breach of a rule or law for which a punishment may ultimately be prescribed by some governing authority or force?
What is the breach of a rule or law for which a punishment may ultimately be prescribed by some governing authority or force?
Crime
What is the Latin word for crime, from which "crime" is derived?
What is the Latin word for crime, from which "crime" is derived?
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What must be present for a crime to occur?
What must be present for a crime to occur?
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What is the Latin word that refers to a criminal action or inaction that causes harm?
What is the Latin word that refers to a criminal action or inaction that causes harm?
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What is the Latin word that refers to a criminal intent or a guilty state of mind?
What is the Latin word that refers to a criminal intent or a guilty state of mind?
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What is the final legal defence or legal excuse from criminal responsibility?
What is the final legal defence or legal excuse from criminal responsibility?
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What is defined as deviant behavior that violates prevailing norms, specifically, cultural standards prescribing how humans ought to behave?
What is defined as deviant behavior that violates prevailing norms, specifically, cultural standards prescribing how humans ought to behave?
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What are the laws that define crimes which violate social norms called?
What are the laws that define crimes which violate social norms called?
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What is defined as the unlawful killing of another human being with intent, and generally this state of mind distinguishes murder from other forms of unlawful homicide?
What is defined as the unlawful killing of another human being with intent, and generally this state of mind distinguishes murder from other forms of unlawful homicide?
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What is a person who commits murder called?
What is a person who commits murder called?
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What is referred to as the situation where a person is selling his/her influence over the decision process involving a third party (person or institution)?
What is referred to as the situation where a person is selling his/her influence over the decision process involving a third party (person or institution)?
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What is the unlawful seizure of an aircraft either by an individual or by a group?
What is the unlawful seizure of an aircraft either by an individual or by a group?
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What is the most widely sourced administrative data used to produce crime statistics?
What is the most widely sourced administrative data used to produce crime statistics?
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What is a program of standardised sample surveys to look at householders' experience with crime, policing, crime prevention and feelings of unsafety in a large number of countries?
What is a program of standardised sample surveys to look at householders' experience with crime, policing, crime prevention and feelings of unsafety in a large number of countries?
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What refers to information recorded by agencies on their administrative systems?
What refers to information recorded by agencies on their administrative systems?
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What is the crime of seizing property through violence or intimidation as opposed to stealth or fraud (which is theft)?
What is the crime of seizing property through violence or intimidation as opposed to stealth or fraud (which is theft)?
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What is a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation?
What is a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation?
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What refers to the unlawful killing of another human being with intent, and usually this requirement emphasizes the premeditation and cruelty involved in murder called?
What refers to the unlawful killing of another human being with intent, and usually this requirement emphasizes the premeditation and cruelty involved in murder called?
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What is defined as the relationship between perpetrator and victim of a crime?
What is defined as the relationship between perpetrator and victim of a crime?
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The idea of weighting of crime was first introduced by Sellin and Wolfgang.
The idea of weighting of crime was first introduced by Sellin and Wolfgang.
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What is a term used to describe various offences that are created by sections 18 and 20 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861 in English law?
What is a term used to describe various offences that are created by sections 18 and 20 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861 in English law?
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What is a criminal offense involving unlawful physical contact, distinct from assault in that the contact is not necessarily violent?
What is a criminal offense involving unlawful physical contact, distinct from assault in that the contact is not necessarily violent?
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What are the two main dispositions the court may order in juvenile offenses?
What are the two main dispositions the court may order in juvenile offenses?
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The first police force comparable to the present-day police was established in ______ under King Louis XIV in France.
The first police force comparable to the present-day police was established in ______ under King Louis XIV in France.
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What is the most publicly visible form of correction or punishment in the modern era for juveniles?
What is the most publicly visible form of correction or punishment in the modern era for juveniles?
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What is the scientific study of victimisation, including the relationships between victims and offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system?
What is the scientific study of victimisation, including the relationships between victims and offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system?
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What is the unlawful killing of another human being with intent, and usually this requirement emphasizes the premeditation and cruelty involved in murder called?
What is the unlawful killing of another human being with intent, and usually this requirement emphasizes the premeditation and cruelty involved in murder called?
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Crime is a breach of a rule or law for which punishment may ultimately be prescribed by some governing authority or force is true.
Crime is a breach of a rule or law for which punishment may ultimately be prescribed by some governing authority or force is true.
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Study Notes
Crime and Delinquency Summary
- Crime: A crucial issue in human society, it involves the violation of a rule or law and is punishable by some governing authority.
- Origin of Crime: Crime has existed throughout history, threatening lives and property.
- Nature of Crime: Crime is dangerous and needs to be studied to understand its place in society.
- Rule of Law: Crime is the breaking of a rule or law.
- Crimen: The Latin word for Crime, comes from the Latin roots, cernō, and Greek κρινω, meaning "I judge".Originally it meant "charge, guilt, and accusation."
- Criminal law: Criminal law regulates minor infractions such as traffic violations.
- External consequence or harm: For crime to occur there needs to be an external consequence or harm.
- Actus Reus: The physical element of a crime, requiring proof. It refers to criminal action or inaction that causes harm.
- Mens rea: The mental aspect of a crime, Latin word for a mind.
- External Consequence or Harm: For crime to be committed an outside consequence or harm must occur.
- Entrapment: A legal defense where individuals are induced into committing a crime by law enforcement officials.
- Necessity: A legal defense that can be used when a crime was committed to prevent a more serious crime.
- Causation: A causal relationship between harm and the criminal act.
- Concurrence: For a behavior to be a crime, there must be a statutory provision for punishment or the threat of punishment.
- Antisocial behavior: This is criminalised, seen as an offense against society, and punishable by the government
- Punishment: The threat or application of punishment is aimed at illegal acts rather than innocent behavior.
- Normative: This type of crime involves violating social norms, cultural standards, and the behavior expected of humans.
- Laws: These are the regulations set up by the authorities.
- Legalistic: This view defines crime as behavior that violates the criminal code.
- Conduct Norms: Crime can be viewed as one type of conduct norm.
- Social Harm: This view of crime focuses on how the crime affects humanity.
- Crime against international Law: Act of persecution or any large-scale atrocities against a people; the highest level of criminal offense.
- Crime against humanity heinous violation of human dignity
- International Criminal Court: UN organization responsible for prosecuting crimes against humanity.
- Traumatic memories: These are memories in the form of vivid mental images often fragmented or not in context.
External Consequence or Harm
- For a crime to be considered a crime an external consequence or harm must occur.
Types of Crimes
- Street crimes: These involve criminal activities like begging or petty theft that people commit in public spaces
- Organized Crime: Criminal deeds carried out by groups of people that involve supplying illegal goods/services
- Political crime: These are crimes committed to disrupt a nation or government
- White-collar crime: Crimes carried out by high-ranking social elites usually during professional endeavours
- Victimless Crimes: these are offences that are committed without there being a victim or harm to the perpetrator.
- Cybercrime: A crime that occurs via computers or the internet
- Hate crimes: Criminal acts that target people based on their race, religion, or other personal attributes.
- Drug crimes: Those crimes involving the production, possession, or sale of illegal drugs
The Criminal Justice System
- Components: Law enforcement, courts, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and corrections.
- Role: Enforcing the rules of law, deterring crime, maintaining social order, and holding offenders accountable.
- Impacting Factors: Crime negatively affects individuals, communities, and society
- Dispute resolution: Courts settle legal disputes and provide justice.
- Prosecutor: Represents the state, files charges, and presents evidence against the accused party
- Defense Attorney: Represents the accused individual, challenges the state's case
- Plaintiff/Accused: Person initiating a case/charge or defendant
Causes of Crime and Delinquency
- Economic Factors/Poverty: Poverty and financial struggles can contribute to crime.
- Social Factors: factors/poverty, social structure, and environmental factors can influence crime
- Environmental Factors: Environmental problems and societal issues can contribute to crime
- Familial Factors: Family structures and the relationships within can greatly affect the chances of crime.
Delinquency
- Universal: A universal phenomenon that occurs simultaneously.
- Childhood: Children were viewed as non-persons until the 1700s
- Causes: Poverty, criminal tendencies, environmental instability, faith deficiency, greed, law enforcement weakness, poor socialization, mental instability, ignorance of the law.
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Description
This quiz provides a summary of key concepts related to crime and delinquency. It covers the nature of crime, its legal implications, and important terminology such as actus reus and mens rea. Understanding these elements is essential for grasping the complexities of criminal behavior in society.
