Creating Effective Multiple Choice Questions

Tulsa Fire Department - Emergency Operating Guidelines

• Section 300 - Strategic and Tactical Considerations

  • Outlines incident response guidelines and considerations for the TFD.
  • Individual subject purpose statements are omitted for brevity and to assume basic firefighter knowledge.
  • Guidelines are adopted as TFD policy, with the expectation that members will follow the spirit and intent.
  • Recognizing incident dynamics, the IC (incident commander) must manage each emergency appropriately.
  • Positions apply equally across acting counterparts. (e.g., acting chiefs, company officers, RFEOs)

• Section 300 - Table of Contents

  • Lists the sections within the document, including:
    • Apparatus Placement Considerations (engines, ladders, command and rescue vehicles)
    • Engine/Ladder Primary Functions
    • Structure Incidents (structural fire guidelines, response model, occupancy, high-rise, elevators at working fires)
    • Other Fire Incidents
      • Vehicle Fires
      • Wildland Fires
      • Dumpster/Compactor Fires
      • Response to Areas Without Hydrants
    • Expressway - Converging Approach
    • Traffic Safety (General, Key Behaviors, etc.)
    • Calling for Wreckers
    • MVC Response (General, Cleanup, Extrication)
    • On Scene Chain of Command
      • Patient Protocols
      • Scene Safety
      • Accurate Incident Times
      • Scene Job Descriptions(scribe, etc.)
    • Utility Control/Utility Responses
      • Residential Utility Shut-Off
    • Handling various materials (ARFF, hazardous materials, technical rescue)
      • Specific Operations Responses
    • Fire Streams/Water Supply
    • other incidents and considerations (including structural incidents, evacuation, and response to water)
    • Response to Fire Alarm System Activation
    • Public Service/Community Considerations (non-emergency response, access to locked vehicles, assisting citizen/motorists)
    • Catastrophic Event and Disaster Response (storm response)
    • Air Support (helicopter landing zones)

• Response Model:

  • Actions taken en-route
  • Conduct Size-up (reconnaissance, conditions, etc.)
  • Take Command (name, address, etc.)
  • Order Resources

• Developing Incident Action Plan:

  • Determine Strategy
  • Make Assignments to Reflect Strategic Goals and Tactical Objectives
  • Continued Size-up, Monitor Progress, and Obtain Feedback
  • Obtain Benchmarks (Life Safety, Incident Stabilization, Property Conservation)

• Shift Priorities:

  • Identify when the focus changes from one stage to another.

• Support Activities:

  • Ventilation
  • Utility Control
  • Scene Lighting

• Fire Streams/Water Supply:

  • Explains how to choose and use fire streams appropriately in different situations (including high-rise buildings) and considerations for water supply resources.
  • Different types of hose and nozzles, including preconnects and Master Streams

• Specific considerations

  • High-Rise
  • Reduced Assignments
  • Rapid Intervention Crew
  • Technical Rescue
  • Trench Rescue

• Outside Agency Notification and Response:

  • Procedures for coordinating with outside agencies (e.g., Public Works, hazmat, police) in the case of emergencies, especially those related to hazardous materials.

• Hazardous Materials Response:

  • Handling potentially harmful materials, including transportation and storage issues, as well as procedures to contain leaks or spills.

• Clandestine Drug Labs:

  • Specific considerations when dealing with potential or active clandestine drug labs.

• Carbon Monoxide Detector Response:

  • Understanding CO poisoning, procedures to safely handle situations involving CO detectors and the responses needed.

• Elevator Rescue:

  • Emergency situations relating to elevator issues, including how to operate the elevator in the case of emergency, lockout and safety issues.

• Rope Rescue:

  • Tactical considerations for various types of rope rescues

• Trench Rescue

  • Hazards and response procedure details for situations with cave-ins of trenches

• High Call Volume Considerations

  • Procedures for handling large numbers of emergency calls, and when to transition services depending on the severity and other relevant criteria.

• Storm/Disaster Response: -Pre-storm procedures (notification, sheltering, etc.) -Post-storm procedures (initial response, damage assessment) -Procedures for handling incidents with limited resources (e.g., rapid and large scale emergency responders)

• ARFF (Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting): -Procedures for responding to aircraft incidents including location, considerations, and types of responders

  • Procedures for assessing and containing various hazards, including fuel fires and locating victims
  • Operational considerations for on and off airport response situations

This quiz explores the essential elements of crafting multiple choice questions for assessments. Key topics include question stem requirements, answer option guidelines, and the importance of distractors in reflecting student misconceptions. Test your understanding of best practices in multiple choice question design.