Unit 3 Lab - Cranial Nerves overview
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Questions and Answers

Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for the sense of smell?

  • Vestibulocochlear
  • Oculomotor
  • Olfactory (correct)
  • Optic

    • The Oculomotor nerve is involved in both motor and sensory functions.

    False

    What is the primary function of the Vestibulocochlear nerve?

    Hearing and equilibrium

    The ___ nerve innervates four of the extrinsic eye muscles.

    <p>Oculomotor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following cranial nerves with their primary sensory function:

    <p>I - Olfactory = Smell II - Optic = Vision VIII - Vestibulocochlear = Hearing and equilibrium V - Trigeminal = General sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is NOT predominantly motor?

    <p>Facial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Glossopharyngeal nerve is solely a sensory nerve.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?

    <p>Ulnar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The long thoracic nerve innervates the ileacus muscle.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is innervated by the suprascapular nerve?

    <p>supraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ nerve provides motor functions to the quadriceps muscle.

    <p>femoral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the nerves with the corresponding muscles they innervate:

    <p>Ulnar nerve = Flexor carpi ulnaris Radial nerve = Triceps brachii Axillary nerve = Deltoid Femoral nerve = Quadriceps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is located inferior to the pons?

    <p>Medulla Oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thalamus is located below the brainstem.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location of the hypothalamus relative to the thalamus?

    <p>Below the thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ connects the medulla oblongata to the cerebellum.

    <p>pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the part of the brain with its description:

    <p>Midbrain = Located above the brainstem Thalamus = Center of the brain Hypothalamus = Located below the thalamus Medulla Oblongata = Superior to the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the thalamus?

    <p>Processing sensory information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The corpora quadrigemina is located on the anterior surface of the midbrain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one function of the hypothalamus.

    <p>Regulating body temperature or controlling hunger/thirst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thalamus is part of the __________, an area of the brain that includes the hypothalamus.

    <p>diencephalon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is described as the bridge to the cerebellum?

    <p>Pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the pituitary gland?

    <p>Controls hormone levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The optic chiasm is located above the pituitary gland.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the brain does the pineal gland reside in?

    <p>Epithalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pituitary gland is located in the __________.

    <p>sella turcica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each gland with its description:

    <p>Optic Chiasm = Located at the base of the brain, processes visual information Pituitary gland = The master gland that controls hormone levels Pineal Gland = Located in the epithalamus, involved in melatonin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How high is the optic chiasm above the pituitary gland?

    <p>10 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pineal gland is situated at the posterior part of the skull.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure does the optic chiasm sit on top of?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The optic chiasm is found in the __________ cranial fossa.

    <p>middle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is referred to as the master gland?

    <p>Pituitary Gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the name trochlear refer to?

    <p>Pulley</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trigeminal nerve has five major branches.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the muscles responsible for facial expression?

    <p>Facial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ nerve is known for its sensory functions related to hearing and balance.

    <p>Vestibulocochlear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following cranial nerves with their functions:

    <p>Glossopharyngeal = Innervates tongue and pharynx Vagus = Wanders into thorax and abdomen Hypoglossal = Innervates tongue muscles Abducens = Innervates the muscle that abducts the eyeball</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the abducens nerve?

    <p>Turns the eye laterally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The vagus nerve is also known as the spinal accessory nerve.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the term hypoglossal?

    <p>Below the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ nerve provides motor innervation to chewing muscles.

    <p>Trigeminal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for hearing and equilibrium?

    <p>Vestibulocochlear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the name glossopharyngeal refer to?

    <p>Tongue and pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hypoglossal nerve innervates the muscles above the tongue.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sensation of hearing?

    <p>Vestibulocochlear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________________ nerve is responsible for turning the eye laterally.

    <p>abducens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each cranial nerve to its function:

    <p>Trochlear = Innervates an extrinsic eye muscle Trigeminal = Provides sensory innervation to the face Facial = Innervates muscles of facial expression Vagus = Wanders to thorax and abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve was formerly known as the auditory nerve?

    <p>Vestibulocochlear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trigeminal nerve has two major branches.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Central Sulcus?

    <p>Separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Lateral Sulcus is also known as a fissure due to its depth.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the part of the brain that separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres.

    <p>Longitudinal Fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ separates the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe.

    <p>Parieto-occipital Sulcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following brain structures with their function:

    <p>Precentral Gyrus = Primary somatosensory cortex Postcentral Gyrus = Somatosensory association area Transverse Cerebral Fissure = Separates cerebellum from cerebral hemispheres Insula = Deep to all other lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe is located laterally in the cerebral hemisphere?

    <p>Temporal Lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Transverse Cerebral Fissure separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is located inferior to the cerebral hemispheres?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ is found on the sagittal plane and separates the left and right cerebral hemispheres.

    <p>Longitudinal Fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?

    <p>Ulnar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The radial nerve provides innervation to the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the nerve that innervates the teres major muscle.

    <p>Subscapular nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ nerve innervates the quadriceps muscle.

    <p>femoral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following nerves with the structures they innervate:

    <p>Ulnar nerve = Intrinsic muscles of the hand Radial nerve = Extensors of the forearm Axillary nerve = Deltoid muscle Long thoracic nerve = Serratus anterior muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is located superior to the medulla oblongata?

    <p>Pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hypothalamus is situated directly above the brainstem.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function associated with the thalamus?

    <p>It serves as a relay station for sensory information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pons is inferior to the __________ and superior to the medulla oblongata.

    <p>thalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following brain structures with their location:

    <p>Thalamus = Above the brainstem Hypothalamus = Below the thalamus Medulla oblongata = Connects to the spinal cord Corpora quadrigemina = Posterior surface of the midbrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is located below the thalamus?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The corpora quadrigemina looks similar to two lumps on the anterior surface of the midbrain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the relative position of the medulla oblongata.

    <p>Inferior to the pons and superior to the spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ connects the pons to the cerebellum.

    <p>medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the intermediate mass of the thalamus located?

    <p>Between the cerebral hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the Choroid Plexus located?

    <p>In the brain's ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anterior commissure connects the brain's hemispheres.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure located in the midline between the cerebral hemispheres?

    <p>Septum Pellucidum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ is a C-shaped bundle of white matter located on the medial side of both cerebral hemispheres.

    <p>Fornix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following brain structures with their descriptions:

    <p>Choroid Plexus = Produces cerebrospinal fluid Anterior Commissure = Connects the brain's hemispheres Mammillary Body = Part of the diencephalon Septum Pellucidum = Located between the cerebral hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is located on the undersurface of the brain?

    <p>Mammillary Body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Fornix is primarily involved in motor functions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Septum Pellucidum attach to in the brain?

    <p>Corpus Callosum and Fornix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ crosses the midline of the brain and transmits information between the hemispheres.

    <p>Anterior Commissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily involved in the production of cerebrospinal fluid?

    <p>Choroid Plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cranial Nerves

    • Primary or Exclusively Sensory:

      • I (Olfactory): Sensory nerve of smell. Arises from olfactory epithelium, passes through cribriform plate, and terminates in primary olfactory cortex. Carries afferent impulses for smell.
      • II (Optic): Sensory nerve of vision. Arises from retina, passes through optic canals, converges at optic chiasm, synapses in thalamus, and runs to visual cortex. Carries afferent impulses for vision.

    • Primarily or Exclusively Motor:

      • III (Oculomotor): Motor nerve that moves the eyeball. Innervates four extrinsic eye muscles. Raises eyelid, directs eyeball, constricts iris, and controls lens shape. Includes parasympathetic cell bodies in ciliary ganglia.
      • IV (Trochlear): Motor nerve for the superior oblique muscle. Directs the eyeball.
      • VI (Abducens): Motor nerve for the lateral rectus muscle. Turns the eye laterally.
      • XI (Accessory): Motor nerve. Supplies fibers to larynx, pharynx, and soft palate. Innervates trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles that move the head and neck.
      • XII (Hypoglossal): Motor nerve for tongue muscles. Innervates extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles. Contributes to swallowing and speech.

    • Mixed (Motor and Sensory):

      • V (Trigeminal): Three divisions (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular). Sensory innervation to face. Motor innervation for chewing muscles.
      • VII (Facial): Innervates facial muscles, taste from anterior two-thirds of tongue, and lacrimal and salivary glands. Fibers leave pons, travel through internal acoustic meatus, and emerge through stylomastoid foramen.
      • IX (Glossopharyngeal): Mixed nerve with motor and sensory functions. Innervates part of tongue and pharynx, and parotid salivary gland. Sensory fibers conduct taste and general sensory impulses from tongue and pharynx.
      • X (Vagus): Mixed nerve that extends beyond head and neck. Parasympathetic fibers to heart, lungs, and visceral organs. Sensory function is taste.

    Additional Cranial Nerve Details

    • VIII (Vestibulocochlear): Sensory nerve of hearing and equilibrium. Two divisions, Cochlear (hearing) and Vestibular (balance), arise from inner ear, pass through internal acoustic meatus, and enter brainstem at pons-medulla border

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    Unit 3 Lab Study Guide PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the functions and pathways of cranial nerves, focusing on those that are primarily sensory or motor. It covers the key nerves such as Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, and Abducens, and their roles in sensory perception and motor control. Perfect for students of anatomy or neurobiology!

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