CPR and First Aid Basics

CPR Ratios

• Compression-to-breath ratio for adults, children, and infants in CPR is 30:2.

Heart Attack Causes

• Blocked blood flow to the heart, often due to plaque buildup in coronary arteries.

AED Use

• Ensure no one is near the victim when using an AED.
• Avoid using AEDs in water or near flammable substances.

Signs vs. Symptoms

• Signs are observable, such as a rash.
• Symptoms are felt, such as pain.

Scene Safety

• Ensure the scene is safe before approaching a victim.

Bandage vs. Dressing

• A dressing covers the wound.
• A bandage holds the dressing in place.

First Aid Legal Protection

• Good Samaritan laws protect first aid responders.

First Responder Role

• Provide care until professional help arrives.

Shock Signs

• Pale, cool, clammy skin
• Rapid pulse
• Weakness
• Confusion

Heat Exhaustion Treatment

• Move to a cool place.
• Hydrate.
• Apply cool compresses.

Unresponsive Adult Care

• Check for breathing.
• Call 911.
• Start CPR if necessary.

AED Pad Placement

• Place one pad on the chest and one on the back.

When to Call 911

• Life-threatening emergencies.
• Severe injuries.

Red Cross Symbols

• Red Cross
• Red Crescent
• Red Crystal

Concussion Management

• Seek emergency care if headache worsens.

Airway Obstruction

• Perform abdominal thrusts or back blows if obstructing.
• Start CPR for unresponsive victims.

Refusal of First Aid

• Respect the refusal and contact emergency services if needed.

Tourniquet Use

• Use for life-threatening bleeding above the wound, not on a joint.

Saturated Dressing

• Add more dressing, but don't remove the soaked one.

Knocked-Out Tooth

• Keep the tooth moist in milk or saline; see a dentist immediately.

Tick Removal

• Use tweezers to pull a tick straight out without twisting.

EpiPen Use

• Call 911 after using an EpiPen and monitor symptoms.

Wound Treatment

• Clean wounds, apply pressure, and dress.

Slings

• Arm and elevation slings are available.

Diabetic Emergency

• Give sugar, and call 911 if symptoms don't improve after ten minutes.

FAST for Stroke

• Face drooping
• Arm weakness
• Speech difficulty
• Time to call 911

Burn Treatment

• Cool with water, cover loosely.
• Avoid ice.

Asthma/Hyperventilation

• Encourage slow breathing; use inhaler if possible.

Choking

• Check for lodged objects before performing rescue breaths.

Tourniquet Application

• Apply tightly above the wound using a cloth if a tourniquet is not available.

Seizure Treatment

• Protect the victim from harm and allow them to roll onto their side.

Poisoning Signs

• Vomiting, confusion, mouth burns; vary depending on the poison.

AED Pad Placement

• Ensure pads are not too close together.

Medication Administration

• Ensure correct dosage, route, and patient.

Bee Sting Treatment

• Remove the stinger, clean the area, and use ice.
• Use EpiPen for serious reactions.

Poisoning Types

• Ingestion, inhalation, absorption.

Partial vs. Full Blockage

• Partial allows some air flow, but full causes inability to breathe.

CPR Breathing Checks

• Recheck airway if breaths are not getting in.

Vital Signs Checks

• Assess pulse, breathing, skin color, and temperature.

Frostbite vs. Hypothermia

• Frostbite affects the skin, and hypothermia lowers your core body temperature.

Newborn Response

• Gently stimulate the feet if a newborn is not crying.

Test Information

• Score of 75% is required to pass.
• Students who do not pass the first attempt have a second and third attempt date on file.

Test your knowledge on CPR ratios, the role of first responders, and essential first aid techniques. This quiz covers critical topics like shock signs, heat exhaustion treatment, and differences between signs and symptoms. Ensure you're prepared to act in an emergency situation.