Counterfactual Explanations, LIME & SHAP

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best exemplifies a counterfactual explanation?

  • The algorithm identified the object as a cat with 95% confidence.
  • If the patient had not smoked, they would not have developed lung cancer. (correct)
  • The loan application was rejected due to insufficient credit history.
  • The model predicted a high risk of heart disease; therefore, the patient should modify their diet.

What is the primary goal of LIME?

  • To replace complex models with simpler, more efficient ones.
  • To create a globally interpretable model that can be understood by anyone.
  • To approximate the behavior of any model with a simpler, interpretable model locally. (correct)
  • To identify the most important features across the entire dataset.

What does SHAP stand for?

  • Systematic Hierarchical Analysis Protocol
  • Simple Heuristic Application Process
  • Statistical Hypothesis Assessment Procedure
  • Shapley Additive Explanations (correct)

Why are local surrogate models used with an interpretability constraint?

<p>To provide explanations that are easy to understand within a specific region of the data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario demonstrates the application of a counterfactual explanation in a real-world context?

<p>If the self-driving car had detected the pedestrian earlier, the accident would have been avoided. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does LIME contribute to making machine learning models more transparent?

<p>By providing insights into feature importance for individual predictions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic that distinguishes SHAP values from other feature importance methods?

<p>SHAP values provide a unified measure of feature importance based on game theory principles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of local surrogate models, what does the "interpretability constraint" refer to?

<p>Ensuring that the surrogate model is easy to understand and explain. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where a loan application is rejected by an AI. How could a counterfactual explanation assist the applicant?

<p>By providing feedback on what changes in the application would have led to approval. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A team is using SHAP to understand a fraud detection model. They observe a high SHAP value for a particular transaction feature. What does this indicate?

<p>The feature strongly influences the model's prediction for that specific transaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Counterfactual Explanation

Explains cause by stating: If X wasn't, Y wouldn't be.

LIME

Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations.

SHAP

SHapley Additive exPlanations.

Study Notes

  • A counterfactual explanation describes a causal situation: "If X had not occurred, Y would not have occurred."
  • LIME stands for Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations.
  • SHAP stands for SHAPley Additive exPlanations.
  • Local surrogate models with interpretability constraint can be expressed.

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