Podcast
Questions and Answers
Good haircuts begin with an understanding of the shape of the head, as referred to as the ____________.
Good haircuts begin with an understanding of the shape of the head, as referred to as the ____________.
Head Form
To help achieve the look that you and your client are seeking, be aware of where the head form ____________.
To help achieve the look that you and your client are seeking, be aware of where the head form ____________.
Curves, turns, and changes
__________________ on the head mark where the surface of the head changes.
__________________ on the head mark where the surface of the head changes.
Reference points
List four common reference points.
List four common reference points.
An understanding of head shape and reference points will help the cosmetologist in which ways?
An understanding of head shape and reference points will help the cosmetologist in which ways?
How can you find the parietal ridge?
How can you find the parietal ridge?
Describe how to find the occipital bone.
Describe how to find the occipital bone.
Explain how to find the apex.
Explain how to find the apex.
Outline two ways to find the four corners.
Outline two ways to find the four corners.
Name the areas of the head.
Name the areas of the head.
Why is locating the parietal ridge important?
Why is locating the parietal ridge important?
Give the procedure for determining the front of the head.
Give the procedure for determining the front of the head.
Where are the sides of the head?
Where are the sides of the head?
What is the crown, and why is it important to identify?
What is the crown, and why is it important to identify?
What is the nape, and how can it be identified?
What is the nape, and how can it be identified?
What does the back of the head consist of? Explain how to locate it.
What does the back of the head consist of? Explain how to locate it.
Define the bang or fringe area.
Define the bang or fringe area.
A ____________ is a thin, continuous mark used as a guide.
A ____________ is a thin, continuous mark used as a guide.
A ___________ is created when the space between two lines or surfaces intersects at a given point.
A ___________ is created when the space between two lines or surfaces intersects at a given point.
What are the two basic lines used in haircutting?
What are the two basic lines used in haircutting?
Angles are important elements in creating a ______________________________________ in haircutting.
Angles are important elements in creating a ______________________________________ in haircutting.
Name three types of straight lines.
Name three types of straight lines.
Horizontal lines are _________ from the floor and relative to the horizon.
Horizontal lines are _________ from the floor and relative to the horizon.
Vertical lines are ______________ to the horizon.
Vertical lines are ______________ to the horizon.
Diagonal lines have a _________________ direction.
Diagonal lines have a _________________ direction.
_________________________________ techniques use diagonal lines to create angles by cutting the ends of the hair with a slight increase or decrease in length.
_________________________________ techniques use diagonal lines to create angles by cutting the ends of the hair with a slight increase or decrease in length.
For control during haircutting, the hair is parted into working areas called _________________.
For control during haircutting, the hair is parted into working areas called _________________.
Each section may be divided into smaller areas called ________________.
Each section may be divided into smaller areas called ________________.
The line dividing the hair at the scalp, separating one section of the hair from another, is called a __________ or ___________.
The line dividing the hair at the scalp, separating one section of the hair from another, is called a __________ or ___________.
List four types of sections used in haircutting.
List four types of sections used in haircutting.
_______________ is the degree at which a subsection of hair is held, or elevated, from the head when cutting.
_______________ is the degree at which a subsection of hair is held, or elevated, from the head when cutting.
In a blunt cut or one-length haircut, what degree of elevation is employed?
In a blunt cut or one-length haircut, what degree of elevation is employed?
What are the two most commonly used elevations in haircutting?
What are the two most commonly used elevations in haircutting?
The more you elevate the hair, the more ________________________ you create.
The more you elevate the hair, the more ________________________ you create.
When you elevate hair below 90 degrees, you _____________________ weight.
When you elevate hair below 90 degrees, you _____________________ weight.
When you elevate the hair at 90 degrees or higher, you ____________________ weight.
When you elevate the hair at 90 degrees or higher, you ____________________ weight.
___________________ is when hair contracts or lifts through the action of moisture loss/drying.
___________________ is when hair contracts or lifts through the action of moisture loss/drying.
Hair shrinks when it dries. Hair will shrink ______________ when it dries.
Hair shrinks when it dries. Hair will shrink ______________ when it dries.
The _________________ is the angle at which the fingers are held when cutting the line that creates the end shape.
The _________________ is the angle at which the fingers are held when cutting the line that creates the end shape.
List the other names for the term cutting line.
List the other names for the term cutting line.
Cutting lines can be described as:
Cutting lines can be described as:
Determine the term: Guideline.
Determine the term: Guideline.
The _________________ of a cut is the outer line, while the _________________ is the inner or internal line of the cut.
The _________________ of a cut is the outer line, while the _________________ is the inner or internal line of the cut.
What are the two types of guidelines in haircutting?
What are the two types of guidelines in haircutting?
A guideline that does not move during haircutting is considered ________________.
A guideline that does not move during haircutting is considered ________________.
A guideline that moves as a haircut progresses is classified as ____________________.
A guideline that moves as a haircut progresses is classified as ____________________.
What is overdirection, and why is it used?
What is overdirection, and why is it used?
A ____________ is a conversation between the cosmetologist and client during which they determine the most suitable haircut.
A ____________ is a conversation between the cosmetologist and client during which they determine the most suitable haircut.
Explain how to analyze face shape.
Explain how to analyze face shape.
What does analyzing face shape accomplish?
What does analyzing face shape accomplish?
When analyzing face shape, an important point to consider is the client's _________, or how the client looks from the side.
When analyzing face shape, an important point to consider is the client's _________, or how the client looks from the side.
What four characteristics determine the behavior of hair?
What four characteristics determine the behavior of hair?
The _____________ is the hair that grows at the outermost perimeter along the face, around the ears, and on the neck.
The _____________ is the hair that grows at the outermost perimeter along the face, around the ears, and on the neck.
The growth pattern is the direction in which the hair grows from the scalp, also called the _________________ or the ________________.
The growth pattern is the direction in which the hair grows from the scalp, also called the _________________ or the ________________.
You may need to use _____________ tension when cutting cowlicks, whorls, and other growth patterns to compensate for being pushed up when it dries.
You may need to use _____________ tension when cutting cowlicks, whorls, and other growth patterns to compensate for being pushed up when it dries.
The number of individual strands on 1 square inch (2.5 cm²) of scalp is known as ___________________.
The number of individual strands on 1 square inch (2.5 cm²) of scalp is known as ___________________.
___________________ is usually classified as coarse, medium, or fine and is based on the thickness or diameter of each strand.
___________________ is usually classified as coarse, medium, or fine and is based on the thickness or diameter of each strand.
Why are density and texture important?
Why are density and texture important?
Which three countries are primarily responsible for manufacturing the steel used to make professional shears?
Which three countries are primarily responsible for manufacturing the steel used to make professional shears?
Generally, a shear with a Rockwell hardness of at least _______ or ______ is ideal.
Generally, a shear with a Rockwell hardness of at least _______ or ______ is ideal.
As the strength or hardness of the steel increases, the shear's ability to retain a sharp edge: (Means less frequent sharpening and maintenance).
As the strength or hardness of the steel increases, the shear's ability to retain a sharp edge: (Means less frequent sharpening and maintenance).
A ___________ shear is made by pouring molten steel into a mold.
A ___________ shear is made by pouring molten steel into a mold.
A _____________ shear is made by a process of working metal into a finished shape by hammering or pressing.
A _____________ shear is made by a process of working metal into a finished shape by hammering or pressing.
Compare forged shears with cast ones.
Compare forged shears with cast ones.
List all the tasks that should be on the shears' maintenance schedule.
List all the tasks that should be on the shears' maintenance schedule.
True or False: A left-handed cutter can use a right-handed shear by simply turning the shear over.
True or False: A left-handed cutter can use a right-handed shear by simply turning the shear over.
Name the things a cosmetologist should look for when considering a shears purchase.
Name the things a cosmetologist should look for when considering a shears purchase.
When purchasing shears, a full _______________ edge will give the smoothest cut, while a ____________ edge is dull and can be noisy.
When purchasing shears, a full _______________ edge will give the smoothest cut, while a ____________ edge is dull and can be noisy.
Which of the following types of shears adds increased blending?
Which of the following types of shears adds increased blending?
Ergonomically correct and custom-fitted shears can help the cosmetologist dramatically by:
Ergonomically correct and custom-fitted shears can help the cosmetologist dramatically by:
List the four components of correctly fitting a shear.
List the four components of correctly fitting a shear.
It is important to hold tools properly because doing so:
It is important to hold tools properly because doing so:
Describe the important elements of holding shears.
Describe the important elements of holding shears.
Why is it important to always hold the comb while cutting?
Why is it important to always hold the comb while cutting?
Differentiate between the roles of the dominant hand and the holding hand during haircutting.
Differentiate between the roles of the dominant hand and the holding hand during haircutting.
Explain what it means to 'palm the shears'.
Explain what it means to 'palm the shears'.
Define the phrase transferring the comb.
Define the phrase transferring the comb.
A __________________, or feather blade, is a versatile tool that can be used for an entire haircut.
A __________________, or feather blade, is a versatile tool that can be used for an entire haircut.
Describe two methods of holding a razor.
Describe two methods of holding a razor.
In a comb, ____________ teeth are used for combing and parting the hair, while _____________ teeth comb a section before cutting.
In a comb, ____________ teeth are used for combing and parting the hair, while _____________ teeth comb a section before cutting.
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Study Notes
Head Form and Reference Points
- Understanding head shape is crucial for effective haircutting.
- Reference points help identify where the head's surface changes, like curves and turns.
- Common reference points include the Parietal Ridge, Occipital Bone, Apex, and Four Corners.
Importance of Head Shape Knowledge
- Aids in achieving balance in haircut design for symmetry.
- Enables consistent haircut recreation.
- Informs necessary technique adjustments for different head shapes.
Finding Reference Points
- Parietal Ridge: Identified by running a comb flat on the head; it marks where the head curves away.
- Occipital Bone: Found by feeling the back of the skull or placing a comb against the nape.
- Apex: Located by placing a comb flat on the top of the head to find the highest point.
- Four Corners: Identified using combs placed flat against the sides and back, or by drawing diagonal lines across the apex.
Head Areas
- Areas of the head include Top, Front, Sides, Crown, Nape, Back, and Bang Area.
- Understanding these areas is vital for precise haircutting.
Haircutting Techniques and Lines
- Lines are fundamental in haircutting; primary types include straight and curved lines.
- Angles create shape and consistency in haircuts.
- Straight lines can be vertical, diagonal, or horizontal, each serving unique purposes in design.
Sectioning and Elevation
- Hair is divided into sections and subsections for manageable cutting.
- Elevation refers to the angle at which hair is held from the head.
- Common elevations include 0, 45, and 90 degrees, with effects on hair weight and graduation.
Hair Characteristics
- Hair behavior is determined by growth patterns, texture, density, and elasticity.
- Hairline refers to the outer perimeter hair growth around the face and neck.
Shear Knowledge
- Quality shears are crucial; the best steel types come from Japan, Germany, and the USA.
- Ideal shear hardness is 56/57 on the Rockwell scale.
- Shears can be cast (poured into molds) or forged (shaped by hammering).
Shear Maintenance and Ergonomics
- Essential tasks for shear maintenance include cleaning, lubrication, and regular sharpening.
- Properly fitting and ergonomically designed shears reduce strain and improve cutting efficiency.
Cutting Techniques
- Proper tool handling techniques ensure control and prevent strain.
- Techniques such as "palm the shears" and "transferring the comb" facilitate smooth cutting motions.
- Holding the comb properly during a haircut aids in section control and cutting accuracy.
Razor Usage
- Straight razors can be used throughout a haircut for versatility.
- Proper razor handling techniques enhance control and effectiveness when cutting hair.
Professional Practice
- Consultations among cosmetologists and clients are essential for successful haircuts.
- Face shapes and profiles greatly influence suitable haircut styles.
- Understanding hair density and texture varies responses to different haircutting methods.
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