Corneal Edema Causes and Effects

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What are the infectious agents that can cause corneal ulcers in host species?

Feline coronavirus, canine herpesvirus, equine herpesvirus-1, Escherichia coli

Feline herpesvirus-1, canine herpesvirus, equine herpesvirus-2, Moraxella bovis (correct)

Feline panleukopenia virus, canine parvovirus, equine arteritis virus, Salmonella enterica

Feline calicivirus, canine distemper virus, equine influenza virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis

What is the classic appearance of a melting ulcer?

A hard surface with red streaks

A rough surface with yellow discoloration

A very soft surface where the affected tissue may appear to be sagging/melting (correct)

A smooth surface with white patches

Which condition involves proteolytic degradation of corneal stromal collagen?

Melting ulcers (correct)

Stromal ulcers

Descemetoceles

Superficial ulcers

What does a fluorescein stain bind to in the cornea?

Exposed corneal stroma Signup and view all the answers

In what condition does only Descemet’s membrane and endothelium remain intact?

Descemetoceles Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial agents are typically responsible for eliciting enzymes that lead to melting ulcers?

Pseudomonas spp. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of corneal edema in the absence of a corneal epithelial defect?

Decreased pump function of the corneal endothelium Signup and view all the answers

What happens when there is extensive loss or degeneration of corneal endothelium?

Permanent corneal edema Signup and view all the answers

How do blood vessels typically respond to surface corneal disease?

They branch substantially and are superficial Signup and view all the answers

What causes corneal pigmentation to occur?

Chronic corneal inflammation or irritation Signup and view all the answers

What is one consequence of corneal vascularization?

Chronic abrasion leading to chronic corneal inflammation Signup and view all the answers

Why does corneal edema occur as a result of endothelial dysfunction?

Lack of regeneration capacity in adult corneal endothelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the common term for Chronic Superficial Keratitis (CSK)?

Pannus Signup and view all the answers

Which breed is NOT commonly affected by Chronic Superficial Keratitis?

Labrador Retriever Signup and view all the answers

What type of condition is Chronic Superficial Keratitis thought to be?

Immune-mediated Signup and view all the answers

Why are the manifestations of Chronic Superficial Keratitis more severe at high altitude?

Due to increased UV exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible treatment option to reduce pigmentation in Chronic Superficial Keratitis?

Topical cyclosporine Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of third eyelid thickening in Chronic Superficial Keratitis?

Depigmentation (plasmoma) Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterial virulence factors are mentioned as contributing to the severity of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis?

Pili and cytotoxin Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial clinical sign of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis that involves abnormal eyelid twitching?

Blepharospasm Signup and view all the answers

Which factor plays a role in contributing to disease outbreaks of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis related to the host?

Stress and age Signup and view all the answers

What environmental factor is mentioned as playing a role in the occurrence of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis?

Dusty environments Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotic is specifically labeled for use in the U.S. against Moraxella bovis in cattle?

Oxytetracycline Signup and view all the answers

Besides direct contact, what is highlighted as a major mode of transmission for Moraxella bovis in Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis?

Transmission by face fly Signup and view all the answers

What term is more appropriate when lipid accumulation is associated with systemic lipid metabolism disorders or corneal disease?

Lipid degeneration Signup and view all the answers

In what type of patients is corneal mineralization usually seen as a degenerative condition?

Older patients Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the cornea is most affected by mineralization?

Superficial layer Signup and view all the answers

Why is topical EDTA often recommended for corneal mineralization?

It can chelate calcium Signup and view all the answers

What treatment is typically not recommended for lipid keratopathy cases that are usually not sight threatening?

Topical corticosteroids Signup and view all the answers

What may be more effective when applied topically as an intensive treatment in conjunction with surgical removal of epithelium for corneal mineralization?

Topical EDTA Signup and view all the answers