Corneal Edema Causes and Effects
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Questions and Answers

What are the infectious agents that can cause corneal ulcers in host species?

  • Feline coronavirus, canine herpesvirus, equine herpesvirus-1, Escherichia coli
  • Feline herpesvirus-1, canine herpesvirus, equine herpesvirus-2, Moraxella bovis (correct)
  • Feline panleukopenia virus, canine parvovirus, equine arteritis virus, Salmonella enterica
  • Feline calicivirus, canine distemper virus, equine influenza virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • What is the classic appearance of a melting ulcer?

  • A hard surface with red streaks
  • A rough surface with yellow discoloration
  • A very soft surface where the affected tissue may appear to be sagging/melting (correct)
  • A smooth surface with white patches
  • Which condition involves proteolytic degradation of corneal stromal collagen?

  • Melting ulcers (correct)
  • Stromal ulcers
  • Descemetoceles
  • Superficial ulcers
  • What does a fluorescein stain bind to in the cornea?

    <p>Exposed corneal stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what condition does only Descemet’s membrane and endothelium remain intact?

    <p>Descemetoceles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial agents are typically responsible for eliciting enzymes that lead to melting ulcers?

    <p>Pseudomonas spp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of corneal edema in the absence of a corneal epithelial defect?

    <p>Decreased pump function of the corneal endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when there is extensive loss or degeneration of corneal endothelium?

    <p>Permanent corneal edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do blood vessels typically respond to surface corneal disease?

    <p>They branch substantially and are superficial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes corneal pigmentation to occur?

    <p>Chronic corneal inflammation or irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one consequence of corneal vascularization?

    <p>Chronic abrasion leading to chronic corneal inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does corneal edema occur as a result of endothelial dysfunction?

    <p>Lack of regeneration capacity in adult corneal endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common term for Chronic Superficial Keratitis (CSK)?

    <p>Pannus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which breed is NOT commonly affected by Chronic Superficial Keratitis?

    <p>Labrador Retriever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of condition is Chronic Superficial Keratitis thought to be?

    <p>Immune-mediated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are the manifestations of Chronic Superficial Keratitis more severe at high altitude?

    <p>Due to increased UV exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible treatment option to reduce pigmentation in Chronic Superficial Keratitis?

    <p>Topical cyclosporine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of third eyelid thickening in Chronic Superficial Keratitis?

    <p>Depigmentation (plasmoma)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial virulence factors are mentioned as contributing to the severity of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis?

    <p>Pili and cytotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial clinical sign of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis that involves abnormal eyelid twitching?

    <p>Blepharospasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a role in contributing to disease outbreaks of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis related to the host?

    <p>Stress and age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What environmental factor is mentioned as playing a role in the occurrence of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis?

    <p>Dusty environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is specifically labeled for use in the U.S. against Moraxella bovis in cattle?

    <p>Oxytetracycline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Besides direct contact, what is highlighted as a major mode of transmission for Moraxella bovis in Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis?

    <p>Transmission by face fly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is more appropriate when lipid accumulation is associated with systemic lipid metabolism disorders or corneal disease?

    <p>Lipid degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of patients is corneal mineralization usually seen as a degenerative condition?

    <p>Older patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the cornea is most affected by mineralization?

    <p>Superficial layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is topical EDTA often recommended for corneal mineralization?

    <p>It can chelate calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What treatment is typically not recommended for lipid keratopathy cases that are usually not sight threatening?

    <p>Topical corticosteroids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be more effective when applied topically as an intensive treatment in conjunction with surgical removal of epithelium for corneal mineralization?

    <p>Topical EDTA</p> Signup and view all the answers

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