Core Conservative Thinkers and Their Ideas
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Questions and Answers

Match the political theorist with their key concept:

Burke = Gradual, evolutionary change Hobbes = Powerful state to prevent anarchy Oakeshott = Cautious governance due to human fallibility Rand = Capitalism as a moral system

Match the thinker with their view on society:

Burke = Importance of local communities Nozick = Personal liberty and free market Hobbes = Need for sovereign authority Oakeshott = Stability through tradition

Match the idea with the correct theorist:

Leviathan = Hobbes Little Platoons = Burke Libertarian Conservatism = Nozick Pragmatism = Oakeshott

Match the ideology with the description:

<p>Conservatism = Emphasis on authority and tradition Libertarianism = Minimal state involvement Radical Ideologies = Support for revolutionary change Social Anarchy = Lack of centralized authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the political view with its implication:

<p>Burke's view = Change should be gradual Rand's belief = Freedom rewards talent Oakeshott's alignment = Humans are fallible Nozick's importance = Freedom over state control</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each theory with its fundamental principle:

<p>Burke = Support for gradual change Rand = Moral capitalism Nozick = Personal liberty focus Oakeshott = Emphasizes cautious governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the thinker with their societal contribution:

<p>Hobbes = Concept of a strong sovereign Burke = Advocacy for social stability Oakeshott = Human unpredictability requires care Nozick = Liberty and market freedoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its theorist based on governance:

<p>Leviathan = Hobbes Little Platoons = Burke Libertarian Conservatism = Nozick Cautious Governance = Oakeshott</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the theory with its societal function:

<p>Burke's evolutionism = Stable societal change Hobbes' Leviathan = Prevention of anarchy Oakeshott's outlook = Stable governance Rand's capitalism = Promotes individual effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following conservative thinkers with their key ideas:

<p>Thomas Hobbes = Human nature is selfish and requires authority Edmund Burke = Emphasis on tradition and gradual change Michael Oakeshott = Pragmatic governance over idealism Ayn Rand = Rational self-interest and limited state</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the concepts to the thinkers who proposed them:

<p>State of Nature = Thomas Hobbes Organic Society = Edmund Burke Rationalism in Politics = Michael Oakeshott Entitlement Theory = Robert Nozick</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following thinkers with their views on the state:

<p>Hobbes = Strong authority to maintain order Burke = Respect for established institutions Rand = Opposition to welfare and state intervention Nozick = Minimal state focused on individual rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following ideas with their proponents:

<p>Life in the state of nature is nasty, brutish, and short = Thomas Hobbes Society evolves through tradition = Edmund Burke Focus on practical knowledge in governance = Michael Oakeshott Opposition to redistributive taxation = Robert Nozick</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following criticisms to the relevant thinkers:

<p>Radical rejection of tradition = Edmund Burke Designing society through abstract theories = Michael Oakeshott Forcing individuals to give up earnings = Robert Nozick Undermining individual responsibility = Ayn Rand</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with the corresponding concepts:

<p>Imposing order through social contract = Thomas Hobbes Gradual change for social stability = Edmund Burke Preference for familiarity in politics = Michael Oakeshott Individual freedom and property rights = Ayn Rand</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the thinkers with their stance on individual rights:

<p>Hobbes = Supports strong authority for order Burke = Emphasizes respect for tradition Rand = Advocates for personal liberty Nozick = Focus on protecting individual rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following views on government to the respective thinkers:

<p>State's purpose is security = Thomas Hobbes Rejecting the extremes of revolution = Edmund Burke Critique of design theory = Michael Oakeshott Minimal intervention in personal choices = Robert Nozick</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following thinkers with their philosophical contributions:

<p>Thomas Hobbes = Nature of human selfishness Edmund Burke = Tradition's role in society Michael Oakeshott = Critique on rationalism Ayn Rand = Principle of rational self-interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Burke's view of change

Gradual, evolutionary change, not revolution.

Hobbes' Leviathan

A strong ruler/authority needed for peace & order.

Oakeshott's human nature

Humans are flawed, need stable rules.

Rand's view of capitalism

Capitalism is moral, respects freedom, effort.

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Nozick's conservatism

Stresses personal freedom, market, small govt.

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Burke's 'little platoons'

Local communities needed for societal stability.

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Hobbes, Burke, Oakeshott similarities

Emphasize authority, tradition, pragmatic solutions

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Gradual change

Change happening slowly and steadily over time.

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Strong ruler needed

A powerful authority to maintain social order.

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Individual Achievement in Capitalism

Rewarding effort and talent in an economic system.

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Hobbes' view of human nature

Humans are naturally selfish, competitive, and prone to conflict.

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Hobbes' State of Nature

A hypothetical state where life without authority is "nasty, brutish, and short."

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Burke's view of society

Society is an organic entity evolving through tradition and shared values.

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Burke's critique of the French Revolution

Burke opposed the revolution's rejection of tradition and violent pursuit of abstract ideals.

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Oakeshott's view of politics

Politics should focus on practical governance, not idealistic theories.

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Rand's Objectivism

Emphasis on rational self-interest, individual freedom, and limited government.

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Nozick's view on the state

A limited state focused on protecting individual rights (property, safety).

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Nozick's view on redistributive taxation

Nozick opposes it, believing it infringes on individual liberty.

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Nozick's entitlement theory

Justice arises from fair acquisition of property through voluntary actions.

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Oakeshott's rationalism critique

Oakeshott criticizes designing society with abstract theories.

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Study Notes

Core Conservative Thinkers and Their Ideas

  • Hobbes' view of human nature: Humans are naturally selfish, competitive, and prone to conflict, needing strong authority to maintain order.
  • Hobbes' "state of nature": A hypothetical state where life without authority is "nasty, brutish, and short."
  • Hobbes' purpose of the state: To impose order and prevent chaos through a social contract where individuals surrender some freedom for security.
  • Burke's contribution to conservatism: Emphasized tradition, gradual change, and respect for established institutions for social stability.
  • Burke's view of society: An organic entity evolving over time, binding generations through tradition and shared values.
  • Burke's rejection of the French Revolution: Opposed its radical rejection of tradition and the violent pursuit of abstract principles like equality.
  • Oakeshott's view of politics: Politics should focus on pragmatic governance, preferring familiarity and tradition over idealistic schemes.
  • Oakeshott's "rationalism in politics": Critiqued attempts to design society through abstract theories, emphasizing practical knowledge.
  • Rand's objectivism: Emphasized rational self-interest, individual freedom, and a limited state to protect property rights and personal liberty.
  • **Rand's view on welfare and state intervention:**Opposed welfare and state intervention, arguing they undermine individual responsibility and freedom.
  • Nozick's view on the role of the state: A minimal state focused solely on protecting individual rights (property and personal safety).
  • Nozick's rejection of redistributive taxation: He argued it violates individual liberty by forcing individuals to give up earnings they are entitled to.
  • Nozick's "entitlement theory": Justice arises when acquiring property through fair means and voluntary exchange.
  • Burke's concept of change: Gradual, evolutionary change rather than revolutionary upheaval.
  • Hobbes' "Leviathan": A powerful sovereign authority necessary to prevent anarchy and ensure peace.
  • Oakeshott's view on human nature: Humans are fallible, unpredictable, requiring cautious governance and stability.
  • Rand's view on capitalism: Capitalism as the only moral system because it respects individual freedom and rewards effort & talent.
  • Nozick's association with libertarian conservatism: Stressed importance of personal liberty, free markets, and minimal state involvement.
  • Burke's "little platoons": Highlights the importance of local communities and institutions in maintaining social stability and nurturing values.
  • Common thread (Hobbes, Burke, Oakeshott): All stress the importance of authority, tradition, and pragmatism in order to maintain societal order.

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Conservative Thinkers & Ideas PDF

Description

Explore the key concepts and contributions of influential conservative thinkers such as Hobbes, Burke, and Oakeshott. This quiz covers their views on human nature, the role of the state, and the importance of tradition in society. Test your knowledge of conservative philosophy and its historical context.

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