Copyright & Preserved Meat Storage

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the underlying principle that dictates the necessity for shielding a food storage room from overhead drips, assuming a context where optimal hygienic conditions are paramount and material compatibility with cleaning agents is assured?

  • Mitigating the risk of bacterial proliferation due to standing water, compounded by the hygroscopic properties of common foodborne contaminants. (correct)
  • Minimizing the potential for structural degradation of the storage facility caused by prolonged exposure to moisture, thereby avoiding the harborage of pests.
  • Reducing the likelihood of enzymatic browning reactions in stored fruits and vegetables, predicated on the exclusion of excessive humidity.
  • Preventing the diffusion of volatile organic compounds emanating from decaying organic matter, which can compromise the organoleptic qualities of stored provisions.

Implementing cryogenic preservation techniques for perishable goods is economically viable for small-scale, localized food vendors, presuming consistent access to liquid nitrogen and a stable energy infrastructure.

False (B)

Articulate a comprehensive strategy, incorporating at least three distinct and justifiable methods, for mitigating the risk of Clostridium botulinum proliferation in home-canned, low-acid preserved meat products, assuming a scenario where absolute sterility is unattainable.

Employ a combination of acidification via citric acid or vinegar to reduce pH to below 4.6, implement rigorous thermal processing exceeding 121°C (250°F) for a duration commensurate with can size and contents density, and ensure meticulous adherence to sanitary practices to minimize initial spore load.

In the context of preserving complex protein matrices such as comminuted meat products, the phenomenon of protein denaturation, leading to diminished water-holding capacity and textural defects, can be optimally attenuated through the strategic implementation of ______ phosphates, contingent upon regulatory compliance and consumer acceptance.

<p>poly</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following food preservation techniques with their principal mechanism of microbial inactivation:

<p>Irradiation = Disruption of DNA and cellular structures. High-Pressure Processing (HPP) = Protein denaturation and cell membrane rupture. Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) = Cell membrane permeabilization. Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) = Altering gaseous environment to inhibit microbial growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for extended preservation of minimally processed meats, which of the following gas compositions would be MOST effective in simultaneously inhibiting lipid oxidation, retarding microbial proliferation, and maintaining desirable product color, considering both cost-effectiveness and regulatory constraints?

<p>70% Nitrogen ($N_2$), 30% Carbon Dioxide ($CO_2$) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The psychrotolerant bacterium Yersinia enterocolitica poses a negligible threat in vacuum-packaged, refrigerated, ready-to-eat meat products stored at 4°C or below, provided that the initial microbial load is within acceptable limits and stringent sanitation protocols are consistently upheld.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Delineate the specific physicochemical mechanisms by which hurdle technology, employing a synergistic integration of reduced water activity ($a_w$), elevated hydrostatic pressure, and controlled pH, effectively prevents the outgrowth of Listeria monocytogenes in sliced, ready-to-eat ham.

<p>Reduced $a_w$ inhibits metabolic activity, high pressure induces cellular disruption and protein denaturation, and controlled pH disrupts enzymatic function, collectively impeding <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> viability and proliferation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The implementation of a validated Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan in the storage and distribution of preserved meats mandates the rigorous monitoring of ______ temperature control points, congruent with established safety criteria, to pre-empt the risk of exceeding critical limits and triggering corrective actions.

<p>critical</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following packaging materials with their primary barrier property relevant to the preservation of meat products:

<p>Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol (EVOH) = Oxygen barrier. Polyvinylidene Chloride (PVDC) = Aroma and flavor barrier. Aluminum Foil = Light and moisture barrier. Polyethylene (PE) = Moisture/water barrier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the principles of risk assessment in food safety, which of the following methodologies would be MOST suitable for quantifying the probability of Salmonella contamination in a large batch of cured sausages during the storage phase, accounting for variability in temperature, humidity, and handling practices?

<p>Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Implementing rigorous, real-time data logging of temperature fluctuations within a walk-in freezer used for prolonged storage of vacuum-packed, pre-cooked beef products is superfluous, provided that routine manual temperature checks are conducted and documented on a daily basis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Elaborate on the theoretical underpinnings and practical implications of employing non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology as a surface decontamination method for eliminating Escherichia coli O157:H7 from ready-to-eat sliced turkey breast, addressing both efficacy and potential impacts on product organoleptic properties.

<p>NTP generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, damaging bacterial cell walls, DNA, and proteins, leading to inactivation and death. However, excessive exposure can induce lipid oxidation and protein modifications, potentially altering the flavor and texture of the product, necessitating careful parameter optimization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that the Arrhenius equation accurately models the temperature dependence of microbial growth rates, the strategic application of ______ modeling permits a quantitative estimation of the extended shelf life of chilled processed meats, contingent upon precise temperature control and validated kinetic parameters for relevant spoilage organisms.

<p>predictive</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of meat spoilage with their primary causative agents:

<p>Tenderization = Endogenous enzymes. Slime formation = Psychrotolerant bacteria. Souring = Lactic acid bacteria. Rancidity = Lipolytic enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Basic food storage

Suitable food storage is a basic component of food safety, with proper ventilation, lighting and cleanliness.

Dry Storage

Dry storage keeps preserved foods that don't need an atmosphere controlled condition.

Refrigerated Storage

Refrigerated storage is for foods that require a cool temperature.

Frozen Food Storage

Frozen food storage is for foods that need to be frozen.

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FIFO Method

A method where you label food packages with storage dates and use the items with the nearest expiration date first.

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Meat storage

Preserved meat for future use should be stored in the freezer.

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Prevent Freezer Burn

To prevent freezer burn, preserved meat should be enclosed in plastic or foil.

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Labeling food

Write the name of the item, expiration date, and amount as it's important.

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Shielding Food

To prevent them from retaining smells and flavors food should be well secured.

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Meat temperature

Preserved meat should be kept in required temperature.

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Ideal Freezing Point

The ideal U.S. FDA freezing point is at 0°F (-18°C) and below.

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Study Notes

  • Republic Act 8293 section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
  • Prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created is necessary for exploitation of work for profit.
  • The agency or office may impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Proper Storage of Preserved Meat

  • Basic component of food safety is suitable food storage.
  • A food storage room requires proper ventilation, good lighting, and protection from overhead drips.
  • Floors, walls, and tables should be easy to clean.
  • The storage area must be free of pests and regularly inspected.
  • In homes or businesses, food should be kept on clean racks, at least 50 cm off the floor to prevent deterioration or spoilage.

Types of Food Storage

  • Dry storage is for preserved food that doesn't need atmosphere control.
  • Refrigerated storage is for foods needing cool temperatures.
  • Frozen food storage is for foods needing to be frozen.

FIFO Method

  • FIFO ("first in first out") involves labeling food packages with storage dates.
  • Arrange foods so the ones with the nearest expiration date are used first.
  • FIFO ensures older food is used before it expires, reducing waste.

Chilling or Freezing Preserved Meat

  • Preserved meat might be stored in the freezer for future use.
  • Preserved meat should be enclosed in plastic or foil to avoid freezer burn and loss of dampness.
  • Labeling is important for the name of item, expiration date and amount.
  • Processed foods should be secured or wrapped to shield them from retaining smells and flavors from other food.
  • Keep preserved meat at recommended temperature and in desired and simple to defrost market units.
  • The ideal freezing point is at 0°F (-18°C) or below, according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
  • Check cooler's temperature frequently with a thermometer.
  • Precise freezing of food in large amount for long-term stockpiling requires extraordinary freezing machine.
  • Canned Products: Suggested maximum temperature is 21°C, with a recommended maximum storage of 12 months.
  • Frozen Products (Beef, Poultry): Suggested maximum temperature is -18 to -29°C, with a recommended maximum storage of 6-12 months in original packaging.
  • Fresh Pork (Not Ground): Suggested maximum temperature is -18 to -29°C, with a recommended maximum storage of 3-6 months in original packaging.
  • Sausage, Ground Meat: Suggested maximum temperature is -18 to -29°C, with a recommended maximum storage of 1-3 months in original packaging.
  • Cold Cuts, Sliced: Suggested maximum temperature is 3 to 4°C, with a recommended maximum storage of 3-5 days in semi-moisture proof paper.
  • Cured Bacon: Suggested temperature is 3 to 4°C, lasts 1-4 weeks tightly wrapped.
  • Ham (Tender Cured): Suggested temperature is 3 to 4°C, lasts 1-6 weeks tightly wrapped.
  • Ham (Canned): Suggested tempature is 3 to 4°C, lasts 6 weeks unopened.
  • Dried Beef: Suggested temperature is 3 to 4°C, lasts 6 weeks tightly wrapped.

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