Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a key indicator of a client's ability to tolerate nutrition and dietary recommendations for COPD management?
What is a key indicator of a client's ability to tolerate nutrition and dietary recommendations for COPD management?
- Ability to eat three full meals a day
- Weight loss of 5% in one month
- Weight stable within normal range for sex, height, and age (correct)
- Ability to consume a high-calorie diet
Which of the following breathing techniques is often taught to clients with COPD to decrease dyspnea?
Which of the following breathing techniques is often taught to clients with COPD to decrease dyspnea?
- Diaphragmatic breathing
- Pursed-lip breathing (correct)
- Yoga breathing
- Hyperventilation
What is a key aspect of home care management for clients with COPD?
What is a key aspect of home care management for clients with COPD?
- Scheduled visits from a home care nurse for monitoring and evaluation (correct)
- Daily phone calls from a healthcare provider
- Unlimited access to oxygen therapy at home
- 24-hour care for ADLs in a long-term care facility
Which community resource may be beneficial in providing emotional support to clients with COPD?
Which community resource may be beneficial in providing emotional support to clients with COPD?
What is a common concern for clients with COPD that may impact their ability to manage their disease?
What is a common concern for clients with COPD that may impact their ability to manage their disease?
What is a key aspect of self-management education for clients with COPD?
What is a key aspect of self-management education for clients with COPD?
A client with COPD is prescribed a high-calorie, high-protein diet. What is the primary reason for this?
A client with COPD is prescribed a high-calorie, high-protein diet. What is the primary reason for this?
What is the primary goal of medication therapy in clients with COPD?
What is the primary goal of medication therapy in clients with COPD?
Which breathing technique is recommended to help improve gas exchange in clients with COPD?
Which breathing technique is recommended to help improve gas exchange in clients with COPD?
What is an important aspect of home care management for clients with COPD?
What is an important aspect of home care management for clients with COPD?
Why is it essential to allow clients with COPD to express their feelings?
Why is it essential to allow clients with COPD to express their feelings?
What is the primary reason for teaching clients with COPD about proper nutrition?
What is the primary reason for teaching clients with COPD about proper nutrition?
What is the primary goal of health promotion in clients with COPD?
What is the primary goal of health promotion in clients with COPD?
What is an essential aspect of client and family teaching for clients with COPD?
What is an essential aspect of client and family teaching for clients with COPD?
What is the primary goal of treatment for asthma patients?
What is the primary goal of treatment for asthma patients?
What is the purpose of a pulmonary function test in asthma diagnosis?
What is the purpose of a pulmonary function test in asthma diagnosis?
Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic test for asthma?
Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic test for asthma?
What is the purpose of bronchial provocation testing in asthma diagnosis?
What is the purpose of bronchial provocation testing in asthma diagnosis?
What is a key component of nursing and interprofessional care for asthma patients?
What is a key component of nursing and interprofessional care for asthma patients?
What is a common outcome of asthma exacerbation?
What is a common outcome of asthma exacerbation?
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Study Notes
COPD Management
- Achieve effective breathing pattern to decrease work of breathing
- Report decreased dyspnea, using pursed-lip breathing
- Tolerate small, frequent meals; maintain weight stability
- Normal serum protein and albumin levels; no fever or changes in sputum
- Report walking longer distances without tiring; able to complete ADLs with rest periods
- Express feelings about living with chronic disease; seek support group
COPD Home Care Management
- Long-term oxygen use at home
- Clients with advanced disease may require 24-hour care for ADLs
- Nurse may collaborate with healthcare professionals to provide necessary equipment at home
- Scheduled visits from a home care nurse for monitoring and evaluation
- Financial concerns may increase anxiety; client may require disability
Self-Management Education
- Teach client to recognize and report signs of infection (fever, increased sputum, fatigue, and increased dyspnea)
- Educate on COPD management, nutrition, and exercise
Asthma
- Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing
- Treatment goals: control symptoms, prevent acute attacks, maintain airway patency, and promote effective breathing pattern
Implementing Nursing Plans
- Teach client to be a partner in COPD management
- Maintain airway patency through breathing techniques, positioning, effective coughing, oxygen therapy, suctioning, and increased hydration
- Teach nutritional therapy to maintain a healthy BMI and eat small, frequent meals
- Allow client to express feelings and explore positive coping mechanisms
- Pace activities with rest periods to conserve energy
- Medication therapy (bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids)
- Health promotion: smoking cessation, infection prevention, and proper hand hygiene
Evaluation
- Evaluate care of client with COPD based on identified priorities
- Key expected outcomes: attain and maintain gas exchange, maintain a patent airway, and reduce anxiety
Asthma Statistics
- Affects over 3.8 million Canadians, including 850,000 children under 14
- Third-most common chronic disease in Canada
- Every day, over 300 Canadians are diagnosed with asthma
- Estimated 250 Canadians die from asthma attacks every year
Diagnostic Tests
- Pulmonary function test: evaluates degree of airway obstruction
- Arterial blood gas: evaluates CO2 elimination and acid-base status
- Routine labs and tests for immunoglobulin E (allergies)
- Challenge or bronchial provocation testing: confirms asthma diagnosis
- Skin testing: detects specific allergen triggers
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