11 Questions
What is the result interpretation of a positive Coomb's test?
A clumping of the red blood cells (agglutination) during the test.
What does a negative Coomb's test indicate?
No clumping or agglutination of red blood cells.
What are some applications of Coomb’s test?
- Finding out the type of anemia an anemic patient is suffering from. 2. Determining potential bad reactions to a blood transfusion. 3. Blood banks use it to predict adverse reactions to transfused blood. 4. Detection of anti-Rh antibodies.
What does the agglutination of blood cells during a direct Coomb’s test suggest?
That antibodies may be present on red blood cells of the patient and the condition of hemolysis may persist.
What is the objective of Coomb’s Test?
To detect red blood cells sensitized with IgG alloantibodies, IgG autoantibodies, or complement components.
What is Coombs’ Serum or Coomb’s reagent?
It is a special serum from a rabbit or other animal previously immunized with purified human globulin to prepare antibodies directed against IgG and complement (e.g. rabbit antiserum against human globulin).
What are the two types of Coombs tests?
The direct Coomb’s test and the Indirect Coomb’s test.
What is the principle of Coomb’s Test?
Under certain conditions, complement proteins or more commonly, incomplete antibodies (IgG) attach to red cell membrane by the Fab portion of the immunoglobulin, sensitizing the red cells.
What is the purpose of the direct Coomb's test?
To check for antibodies that are attached to the surface of red blood cells.
How does the indirect Coomb's test differ from the direct Coomb's test?
The indirect test checks for unattached antibodies floating in the bloodstream, whereas the direct test checks for antibodies attached to the surface of red blood cells.
What are the requirements for performing a Coomb's test?
Test tubes, centrifuge, Anti-human globulin (AHG) reagent, pre-sensitized red cells (Coombs’ control cells), Saline.
Study Notes
Coomb's Test Interpretation
- A positive Coomb's test result indicates the presence of antibodies or complement proteins on the surface of red blood cells, suggesting an immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.
- A negative Coomb's test result indicates that no antibodies or complement proteins are present on the surface of red blood cells, ruling out an immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.
Coomb's Test Applications
- Coomb's test is used to diagnose autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, and transfusion reactions.
- It is also used to detect antibodies in pregnant women, screen for blood compatibility, and evaluate the effectiveness of blood transfusions.
Direct Coomb's Test
- Agglutination of blood cells during a direct Coomb's test suggests the presence of antibodies or complement proteins on the surface of red blood cells.
- The objective of the direct Coomb's test is to detect the presence of antibodies or complement proteins on the surface of red blood cells.
Coomb's Reagent
- Coomb's serum, or Coomb's reagent, is a serum containing antibodies that bind to human immunoglobulins, helping to detect the presence of antibodies on the surface of red blood cells.
Types of Coomb's Test
- There are two types of Coomb's tests: the direct Coomb's test, which detects antibodies on the surface of red blood cells, and the indirect Coomb's test, which detects free antibodies in the serum.
Principle of Coomb's Test
- The principle of Coomb's test is based on the ability of antibodies to bind to antigens on the surface of red blood cells, causing agglutination.
Direct and Indirect Coomb's Tests
- The direct Coomb's test detects antibodies on the surface of red blood cells, whereas the indirect Coomb's test detects free antibodies in the serum.
- The direct Coomb's test is used to diagnose autoimmune hemolytic anemia, while the indirect Coomb's test is used to screen for blood compatibility.
Coomb's Test Requirements
- The requirements for performing a Coomb's test include a blood sample, Coomb's serum, and a suitable laboratory setting.
Test your knowledge about Coomb’s test reactivity and result interpretation with this quiz. Learn to identify the presence of antibodies on red blood cells and understand the implications of agglutination.
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