Conversational Recast and Milieu Training for Language Errors

What is the primary focus of Conversational Recast Training?

Which technique is NOT typically used in Milieu Training for Generalizing Skills?

What is a common characteristic of Speech Sound Disorder (SSD)?

At what age is Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering) typically observed?

What is NOT considered a potential cause of Stuttering according to the text?

Which treatment approach involves correcting mistakes immediately and reinforcing proper language use?

What do twin studies suggest about the heritability of stuttering?

What is a limitation of the neurobiological data regarding stuttering?

According to the two-factor theory, what contributes to stuttering onset and maintenance?

Which hemisphere shows excessive activity in individuals who stutter during speaking tasks?

How do children's negative experiences with disfluent speech contribute to stuttering?

According to the covert-repair hypothesis, what do individuals who stutter exhibit frequently?

Conversational Recast Training

Primarily focuses on enhancing children's language skills through responsive and corrective interactions in conversation.

Milieu Training Techniques

Naturalistic techniques such as modeling and prompting are typical; however, direct instruction is NOT commonly used for generalizing skills.

Speech Sound Disorder (SSD) Characteristics

Commonly characterized by difficulties in producing sounds, leading to unclear or distorted speech patterns.

Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)

Typically observed in children around ages 2 to 5, coinciding with the development of speech and language skills.

Causes of Stuttering

Emotional factors or environmental stressors are NOT considered potential causes of stuttering.

Treatment Approaches

One effective treatment approach involves immediately correcting mistakes and reinforcing proper language usage to encourage fluency.

Heritability of Stuttering

Twin studies indicate a significant genetic component, suggesting stuttering has a high heritability factor.

Neurobiological Data Limitations

Limitations include a lack of consistent findings and the challenge of applying neurobiological results to all individuals who stutter.

Two-Factor Theory

Proposes that both constitutional factors (genetic predisposition) and environmental factors contribute to the onset and maintenance of stuttering.

Brain Hemisphere Activity

The left hemisphere shows excessive activity in individuals who stutter during speaking tasks, which may affect their fluency.

Negative Experiences and Stuttering

Children’s negative experiences with disfluent speech can lead to increased anxiety and avoidance behaviors, reinforcing the stuttering cycle.

Covert-Repair Hypothesis

Individuals who stutter frequently exhibit speech disfluencies as a result of internal monitoring and attempts to correct speech errors before spoken.

Learn about conversational recast training to target deficits in morphology and grammar, and milieu training to generalize skills in natural contexts. Explore how therapists structure environments, prompt appropriate language use, and use behavioral principles for effective training.