Contingency Approach in Organizations

The contingency approach suggests that there is always one optimal way to manage an organization.

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of the contingency approach?

What is the central idea behind the contingency approach?

The contingency approach emphasizes the ______ between organizational processes and situational characteristics.

Match the following terms to their corresponding definitions:

Give an example of a situational characteristic that might influence the effectiveness of a leadership style.

Which of the following terms is NOT a synonym for 'industrial and organizational psychology'?

The field of industrial and organizational psychology focuses solely on organizational effectiveness, neglecting the well-being of employees.

What are the two main areas of research focus in industrial and organizational psychology?

The subfield of industrial and organizational psychology that focuses on the individual is often referred to as ______.

Which of the following is NOT a key area of interest within industrial and organizational psychology?

The term 'work psychology' is more widely used in the United States than in the United Kingdom or Europe.

Which of the following is NOT a goal of Human Resource Management?

Organizational behavior studies human behavior within organizations at all levels.

What are the three levels of analysis in organizational behavior?

________ is a subfield of organizational behavior that examines individual and team behavior within organizations, also considering the organization as a whole.

Match the Human Resource Management task to the relevant area:

Which of the following is NOT a primary feature of a bureaucratic organization, according to Max Weber?

According to Weber, bureaucracy is inherently superior to other forms of administration due to its emphasis on precision, speed, and efficiency.

What is the principle of 'unity of command' according to Henri Fayol?

Henri Fayol developed ______ principles of management that aimed to help managers effectively supervise organizations.

Match the following principles of organization with their descriptions:

Which principle of organization emphasizes the importance of having a clear line of authority from top to bottom in an organization?

Fayol's principles of organization were developed solely in response to the rapid growth of manufacturing industries in the early 20th century.

How does the principle of 'equity' contribute to an effective organization?

The principle of ______ suggests that employees should be compensated fairly for their work and contributions to the organization.

The Hawthorne effect is a positive development that should be encouraged in research.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a system, as defined in the systems approach?

What is the central idea behind the neo-human relations approach?

The term "Hawthorne effect" was coined by ______ in 1953.

Match the following researchers with their primary contributions to organizational studies:

What was the main finding of the Hawthorne studies that led to the coining of the "Hawthorne effect"?

Explain the concept of "open socio-technical systems" within the context of organizations.

The ______ Institute of Human Relations significantly contributed to the development of the systems approach.