Contemporary Trends in Psychology

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Questions and Answers

Which component of personality operates according to the pleasure principle?

Id (correct)

Ego

Conscious

Superego

What aspect of the mind does the term 'preconscious' refer to?

Thoughts that are immediately accessible to awareness

Innate biological instincts

Unrecognized feelings and desires

Memories that can be brought to awareness with effort (correct)

In Freud's theory, what is the superego primarily responsible for?

Mediating between desires and reality

Moral standards and ideals (correct)

Instinctual drives

Completely unconscious thoughts

What is considered the main function of the ego in Freud's theory?

Balancing the demands of the id and superego with reality Signup and view all the answers

Freud believed that unresolved conflicts primarily stem from which two human drives?

Sexual and aggressive Signup and view all the answers

What does Freud suggest happens when unconscious conflicts remain unresolved?

Anxiety Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about conscious awareness?

It refers to processes that are active and available for reflection. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is an accurate description of the id's functioning?

It is solely concerned with immediate gratification. Signup and view all the answers

What does the psychodynamic perspective primarily emphasize about human behavior?

The significance of unconscious factors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Freud's concept of 'Freudian slips'?

They offer insight into unconscious thoughts. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main treatment method associated with Freud's psychoanalysis?

Free association Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the tripartite personality is false?

The Ego is responsible for moral judgments. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary issue that brought the 'rat man' to Freud for treatment?

Obsession and conflicting feelings Signup and view all the answers

What role did dream analysis play in Freud's theories?

It was crucial for analyzing unconscious desires. Signup and view all the answers

Which case is associated with the concept of hysteria and psychosomatic disorders?

The case of Anna O Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has been criticized regarding Freud's theories since the 1970s?

Their inability to account for conscious behavior Signup and view all the answers

What defense mechanism keeps distressing thoughts and feelings out of the conscious mind?

Repression Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the periods of development that significantly shape adult personality?

Psychosexual stages Signup and view all the answers

What may excessive gratification or frustration of needs lead to, according to Freud?

Fixation Signup and view all the answers

Which sequence accurately reflects Freud's psychosexual stages of development?

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital Signup and view all the answers

Freud suggested that fixation in which stage could lead to behaviors such as smoking or overeating?

Oral stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the crucial developmental task associated with the anal stage?

Toilet training Signup and view all the answers

During the phallic stage, Freud believed children develop desires for which parent?

The parent of the opposite sex Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the scenario where a child has desires for one parent and hostility toward the other?

Oedipal complex Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Google Classroom Code

Code: lx4u7uh
Course: Contemporary Trends in Psychology, 2nd Year

Psychodynamic Perspective

Freud is considered the father of modern psychology.
Lived from 1856-1939, died in London, possibly by assisted suicide due to oral cancer.
Freud's ideas were widely accepted until the 1970s.
Modern psychologists generally have issues with Freud's theories; lacking scientific support.

The Case of the Rat Man

Patient was 29 years old.
Visited Freud for treatment of obsession.
Freud attributed the obsession to mixed feelings and contradictory thoughts.
Freud used the case to elaborate his theories.
Patient's fears revolved around danger to loved ones.

Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis relies on free speech—patients freely share thoughts.
Patient discussed money ("Raten," installments), and gambling ("spielratte").
Patient's father's financial issues and romantic dilemmas were discussed.
All life events are interconnected, according to the theory.

Freud's Iceberg Analogy

Human behavior is driven by the unconscious mind.
Conscious, subconscious, and unconscious levels of awareness are visualized by the iceberg shape.

Slips of the Tongue/Speech Errors

Common form of unconscious thought disclosure.
These errors reveal true thoughts through parapraxes (Freudian slips).
These slips are viewed as significant, as there are no accidents, and every action/thought is determined.

Tripartite Personality

Includes the Id, Ego, and Superego.
Visualized as a classic cartoon depiction of inner struggle.

The Case of Anna O

Breuer's patient.
Case involved multiple psychosomatic disorders categorized as hysteria.
Successful treatment using the "talking cure".

The Case of Little Hans

5-year-old boy with a phobia of horses.
Case analysis involved a fear of horses.
Involved the birth of a sister, likely a contributing factor to the phobia.
The Oedipus complex was a significant component in the analysis.

Psychosexual Development

Freud asserted that adult personality problems stem from early experiences.
Five stages of psychosexual development, each focused on a specific erogenous zone leading to pleasure.
Fixation or issues in a stage may impact personality later in adulthood.

Stages of Psychosexual Development

Oral Stage: Occurs from birth to 1.5 years.
Anal Stage: Occurs between 1.5-3 years.
Phallic Stage: Occurs between 3-6 years.
Latency Stage: Occurs between ages 6-puberty.
Genital Stage: Occurs during and after puberty.

Fixations at the Oral Stage

Fixation at the oral stage can manifest in various ways; e.g., smoking, overeating, or excessive chewing.

Modern Implications: Subliminal Priming

Subliminal priming manipulates people's actions, even when they believe their choices are free-willed.

Quiz Questions and Answers

Various multiple-choice questions, along with answers about Freud's ideas
Covered topics include essential concepts, stages, and dynamics of his personality theory.

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Description

Explore the psychodynamic perspective of psychology, focusing on Freud's contributions and theories. This quiz examines the notable case of the Rat Man and the principles of psychoanalysis, including the importance of free speech in therapy. Assess your understanding of Freud's relevance in modern psychology and the complexities of obsession.