Contemporary Philippine Art Overview

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Questions and Answers

What type of figures are emphasized in the carving traditions of the Cordilleras?

Sarimanok figures depicting historical leaders

Lingling-o figures that signify power

Bulul figures representing ancestral spirits (correct)

Okir designs symbolizing wealth

Which of the following jewelry items is specifically associated with fertility?

Multicolored bead earrings

Neckpieces made of brass

Gold bracelets

Lingling-o ornament (correct)

What is the primary material used in pre-colonial jewelry according to the content?

Clay

Iron

Wood

Precious metals such as gold (correct)

In which period did the Filipino art experience significant foreign influence due to colonization?

Hispanic Philippines Signup and view all the answers

Which dance-related occasions highlight the significance of Philippine dances?

Special occasions such as birth and weddings Signup and view all the answers

What type of designs are commonly found in the Maranao and Tausug cultures?

Okir ornate curvilinear designs Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of pre-colonial literature is emphasized in Philippine culture?

Folk speeches, songs, and indigenous rituals Signup and view all the answers

During which historical period was the Philippines occupied by the Japanese?

Japanese Occupation (1940-1945) Signup and view all the answers

What defines contemporary art?

Art made and produced by artists living today. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes mimesis in art?

The imitation of life to create a pleasing representation. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of literature as an art form?

It creates meaning through the combined use of words. Signup and view all the answers

How does music as an art form typically function?

By combining notes to create harmony. Signup and view all the answers

Which art form uses actors to perform dramatic texts?

Theater Signup and view all the answers

How is cinema distinct from theater?

Cinema employs special effects to enhance storytelling. Signup and view all the answers

What does dance as an art form primarily focus on?

The movement of the human body. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common feature of Philippine art as perceived through everyday scenes?

Depiction of everyday life without glorifying it. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum cash award for living National Artists?

P200,000.00 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the K's of the National Artist award?

Kalayaan Signup and view all the answers

What is the life insurance coverage provided for?

For awardees who are still insurable Signup and view all the answers

What adorns the Grand Collar of the National Artist award?

Circular links representing the arts Signup and view all the answers

What is required for an artist to be considered for the National Artist award?

Must have national and international recognition Signup and view all the answers

How many individuals have received the National Artist award since its inception?

73 Signup and view all the answers

When was Fernando Amorsolo proclaimed as the first Philippine National Artist?

1972 Signup and view all the answers

Which benefit is NOT included in the National Artist award?

Estate planning services Signup and view all the answers

Which play by Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero depicts social issues related to two unmarried sisters?

'Three Rats' Signup and view all the answers

What type of music was promoted by the Japanese government during their occupation?

Oriental music Signup and view all the answers

How did American colonial traditions influence the Philippine performing arts during the 1920s?

By introducing Bodabil and Vaudeville Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the public school system under American colonial rule regarding visual arts?

It utilized illustrations and cartoons for propaganda Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the Philippine Philharmonic Orchestra during the American Colonial period?

It included a large number of Filipino performers Signup and view all the answers

During the Japanese occupation, what was the general attitude of Filipino students towards the music being taught?

They ignored the lessons and preferred Western music Signup and view all the answers

What type of artistic production emerged as a result of propaganda laws during the American colonial period?

Leaflets, flyers, and posters were created Signup and view all the answers

What kinds of sculptures were created by Luz and Eduardo Castrillo?

Large-scale outdoor sculptures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of frottage in visual arts?

To obtain textural effects or images Signup and view all the answers

Which artist created a notable bicycle arch made from reclaimed bikes?

Mark Grieve Signup and view all the answers

What elements are uniquely used in Sandhi Schimmel's collage titled 'All American Girl'?

Torn tax forms and political junk mail Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of montage in photography or film?

Creating a single image from multiple pieces Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 'The Trash People' by HA Schults?

It showcases the art of recycling on a large scale. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT associated with papel picado?

Making a paper collage Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the bicycle arch, what is a significant environmental aspect?

Reusing bicycles from waste materials Signup and view all the answers

What visual technique highlights minute details in art, as referred to in the content?

Attention to detail Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

What is Contemporary Art?

Art made and produced by artists living today.
Mirrors contemporary culture and society.
Stems from a human need for beauty and expression.

Mimesis

Imitation of life in art and literature
Examples of mimesis: Viewers trying to pick flowers from a painting.
Greek word for "imitation" or "re-presentation"

Philippine Art as Filipino

Depicting everyday life and surroundings without idealizing them reflects the Filipino soul.

Philippine Historical Timeline

Pre-Colonial: Before 1521
Hispanic Philippines: 1521-1898
American: 1898-1939
Japanese Occupation: 1940-1945
Liberation from Japanese occupation in 1946 after World War II.

Pre-Colonial Art

Literature: Rich repository of ideals and cultural practices evident in folk speeches, folk songs, folk narratives, indigenous rituals, and dances.
Performing Arts: These art forms showcase ties with Southeast Asian neighbors.
Visual Arts: Carving, jewelry, and dances

Philippine Art During Spanish Colonization

Literature: Flourishing of formal, informal, and humorous essays promoted by figures like Carlos P. Romulo and Jorge Bocóbo.
Performing Arts: Introduction of 'Bodabil' (Vaudeville), showcasing American popular culture and leading to Filipinos imitating American performers.
Visual Arts: Influenced by the American colonial strategy implemented through the public school system.

### Philippine Art During Japanese Occupation

Music: Imposition of Japanese music in radio broadcasts and public schools.
Literature: Plays by Jose Ma. Hernandez and Tulian Cruz Balmaceda.
Visual Arts: Propaganda materials created, including leaflets, flyers, and posters designed to encourage cooperation between Filipinos and the Japanese.

Philippine Art During American Colonial Period

Music: Influence of American Colonial traditions. Flourishing of Opera and classical music.
Theater: The Metropolitan Theater became an important venue for concerts and entertainment.
Visual Arts: Illustrations and cartoons became part of American-controlled textbooks and publications.

The National Artist Award of the Philippines

The highest recognition given to Filipino artists across different disciplines.
Criteria for selection include contributions to nation-building and prestigious national and international recognition.
The award includes:
- Rank and title of National Artist, proclaimed by the President of the Philippines
- A gold-plated medallion from the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)
- Lifetime emolument and material and physical benefits similar to highest officers of the land
- Place of honor in state functions and cultural presentations.

Examples of Contemporary Philippine Art

Puni: Paper cut-outs used for decoration that are woven into various items.
Bike Arch: Created by artists Mark Grieve and Ilana Spector using reclaimed bicycles from nonprofit organizations.
All American Girl: Collage by Sandhi Schimmel made using torn pieces of tax forms and political junk mail.
Trash People: Created by HA Schults, is a large display of recycled art globally.

Key Figures

Fernando Amorsolo: First National Artist of the Philippines awarded in 1972.
Carlos P. Romulo: Filipino author and diplomat known for his essay writing.
Jorge Bocóbo: Filipino educator and writer who advocated for promoting Filipino culture and literature.
Jose Ma. Hernandez: Filipino playwright whose works explore social and political themes.
Tulian Cruz Balmaceda: Filipino playwright whose works explore social and political themes.
Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero: Filipino playwright known for his works, such as "Three Rats".
Nick Joaquin: Filipino writer and National Artist known for his novels, essays, and short stories including "A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino".
Luz and Eduardo Castrillo: Filipino sculptors who created large-scale outdoor sculptures.
Mark Grieve and Ilana Spector: Filipino artists who created the "Bike Arch" installation.
Sandhi Schimmel: Filipino artist known for his "All American Girl" collage.
HA Schults: Filipino artist known for his "Trash People" art installation.

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Description

This quiz explores various facets of Contemporary Philippine Art, including its roots in historical influences and cultural expressions. It covers themes such as mimesis, the representation of Filipino life, and a timeline of significant eras in Philippine history. Engage with the artistic evolution and its reflection of societal values.