Contemporary Biological Theories Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following areas do Contemporary Biological Theories focus on? (Select all that apply)

  • Behavioral Genetics (correct)
  • Biological Harms (correct)
  • Biochemistry (correct)
  • Neurophysiology (correct)
  • What is suggested by Behavioral Genetics regarding crime?

    No crime gene

    What are the three types of studies in Behavioral Genetics?

  • Twin (correct)
  • Group
  • Family (correct)
  • Adoption (correct)
  • There is a strong direct relationship between genetics and crime.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspects are associated with Neurophysiology relating to aggression?

    <p>Deficient autonomic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Fishbein's Diathesis Stress Model describe?

    <p>Biological vulnerability interacts with environmental age-graded stressors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristics are associated with Moffit's Developmental Taxonomy?

    <p>LCP offenders only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the Moffit's Dual Taxonomy factors with their descriptions:

    <p>Developmental = Factors that evolve with aging and experiences Dynamic = Changing patterns of offending over time Timing &amp; duration of offending = Distinct groups of offenders defined by their patterns Different etiology and natural history = Varied origins and progression of delinquent behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are characteristics of AL offenders?

    <p>Late onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines LCP characteristics?

    <p>Family &amp; Individual traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of offenders identified with unique causal pathways to delinquency?

    <p>Adolescent limited (AL) and life course persisters (LCP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do new biological/genetic theories involve?

    <p>Person-environment interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Contemporary Biological Theories Overview

    • Focus areas include biochemistry, behavioral genetics, neurophysiology, and biological harms.

    Behavioral Genetics

    • No specific "crime gene" exists; factors are predispositions that may combine with environmental disadvantages.

    Three Types of Behavioral Genetics Studies

    • Family studies explore genetic connections within families.
    • Adoption studies compare biological and adoptive parental influences on behavior.
    • Twin studies assess differences in fraternal versus identical twins.

    Genetics and Crime Relationship

    • A weak to modest direct relationship exists between genetics and criminal behavior.

    Neurophysiology: Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

    • Individuals may have deficient ANS, leading to slower and lower arousal levels, impacting aggression control.
    • Associated with sensation-seeking behaviors.

    Fishbein's Diathesis Stress Model

    • Proposes that biological vulnerabilities are influenced by age-graded environmental stressors.

    Moffit's Developmental Taxonomy

    • Differentiates between life course persistent (LCP) offenders and adolescent-limited (AL) offenders.
    • Neuropsychological deficits may affect temperament, language skills, and executive functions, resulting in evocative interactions.

    Moffit's Dual Taxonomy Factors

    • Factors include developmental dynamics and the timing and duration of offending, which differentiate offender groups.
    • Highlights variations in etiology and natural history among offenders.

    Adolescent-Limited (AL) Characteristics

    • AL offenders are typically normative, emerge in larger percentages, have late-onset behaviors, and exhibit social mimicry.
    • They experience a maturity gap and have limited versatility, often leading to desistance.

    Life Course Persistent (LCP) Characteristics

    • LCP offenders are pathological in nature, are in a smaller percentage, and display early onset of delinquent behavior.
    • Often linked to family and individual traits, including neurological deficits in verbal and executive functioning, leading to persistent and versatile criminal behavior.

    Types of Offenders

    • The two primary categories are adolescent-limited (AL) and life course persisters (LCP), each with unique causal pathways to delinquency.

    New Biological/Genetic Theories

    • Emphasize a range of biological factors, including interactions beyond mere physical traits that predispose individuals to delinquency.
    • Highlight the importance of person-environment interactions and are methodologically more rigorous compared to earlier biological studies.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on contemporary biological theories with this engaging quiz. Explore key concepts such as biochemistry, behavioral genetics, and neurophysiology. Learn about the impact of genetics on behavior and the various study types in behavioral genetics.

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