Contemporary and Modern Art in the Philippines

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Questions and Answers

Which aspect of form assesses the lightness or darkness of colors within a work?

Texture

Value (correct)

Shape

Movement

What type of line is associated with dynamism and movement?

Straight diagonal lines (correct)

Horizontal lines

Vertical lines

Curved lines

Which element of composition refers to the organization of figures and their relationships in a space?

Rhythm

Unity in variety

Composition in Space (correct)

Balance

What type of artwork showcases the struggle against poverty and other social issues through its transparent planes?

Stations of the Cross Signup and view all the answers

Which work is characterized by its circular composition and is strategically placed in a busy street in Caloocan?

Bonifacio Monument Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a form of visual art?

Sculpture Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes applied art from other art forms?

It possesses both functionality and artistry. Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of performance art?

It must be performed for an audience. Signup and view all the answers

Mixed media art is best described as art that:

Combines various materials in its creation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of performing arts?

Photography Signup and view all the answers

What defines literary arts?

The creation of written works such as poetry and prose. Signup and view all the answers

The term 'installation' in art refers to:

A three-dimensional environment created for an exhibition. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the harana in Philippine music?

It serves as a way for a man to woo a woman through song. Signup and view all the answers

Which style of music is characterized by its poetic emotion and is often referred to as a love song?

Kundiman Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the National Commission on Culture and Arts in the Philippines?

To promote and develop Philippine arts and culture Signup and view all the answers

Which award acknowledges folk and indigenous artists in the Philippines who stay true to their traditions?

GAMABA (Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Awards) Signup and view all the answers

What type of music is exemplified by the 'Manila Sound'?

Filipino rock Signup and view all the answers

The term 'gangsa' refers to which of the following?

A type of flat gong from the Cordillera region Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the Cultural Center of the Philippines?

It serves as the government's advisory and oversight body over the public corporate sector for culture. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes practical arts from other forms of art?

They have immediate use for everyday and business life. Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of the technique in art?

It involves manipulation of materials according to personal style. Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of modern art?

It employs radical changes in color and flattening of the picture. Signup and view all the answers

Which color in Kalinga textile represents bravery?

Red Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary use of art during the Spanish tradition in the Philippines?

To propagate the Catholic faith through beautiful images. Signup and view all the answers

Which art movement emerged in the 1960s and emphasized the importance of concept over the finished product?

Conceptualism Signup and view all the answers

The 'Okir' motif is most closely associated with which cultural group in the Philippines?

Maranaos Signup and view all the answers

Which description best fits the art style known as Pop Art?

Art based on popular culture and consumerism. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Bul-ul in Cordilleran culture?

To protect the family from evil spirits. Signup and view all the answers

What notable feature characterizes Photorealism?

A highly detailed depiction of ordinary life resembling a photograph. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Contemporary Art Overview

Contemporary art includes various forms like painting, sculpture, photography, installation, performance, and video art, reflecting practices from the 1970s to present.
Modern art seeks to innovate and shock rather than idealize, often changing colors and flattening images.

Traditions in Philippine Art

Ethnic Tradition: Characterized by intricate carvings and textiles rich in cultural meanings, such as colors in Kalinga textiles symbolizing bravery (red) and fertility (yellow).
Okir Motif: A unique artistic cultural heritage from the Maranaos of Lanao, Philippines.
Vinta: A colorful traditional vessel in Zamboanga, constructed by Sama-Bajau, Tausog, and Yakan communities.
Hanging Coffins of Sagada: A tradition aimed at bringing deceased closer to ancestral spirits.
Spanish Tradition: Introduced by Spaniards in 1521, using art to spread Catholicism, resulting in the construction of beautiful churches and cultural garments like the Baro't saya.
American Tradition: Influenced Philippine art through education and governance, introducing various cultural aspects.

Art Functions

Art often serves religious purposes, with pieces like the Bul-ul serving as protective spirits in Cordilleran culture.
Mosques represent Islamic art and cultural influence.

Artistic Movements

Pop Art: Emerged in the 1950s; features bold, simple images from popular culture like everyday items and celebrities.
Photorealism: Focused on hyper-realistic depictions, mirroring photography's impersonality.
Conceptualism: Values ideas over finished artworks, prominent in the mid-1960s to mid-1970s.
Minimalism: Simplistic and essential art style that challenged traditional art concepts since the 1960s.

Categories of Art Forms

Visual Art: Includes paintings, drawings, sculptures, and photography; aims to convey emotions and ideas.
Applied Art: Combines art and functionality; examples include architecture and fashion design.
Performing Arts: Encompasses art forms performed live, including dance, music, theater, and magic.
Literary Arts: Consists of creative writing forms like poetry, prose, and drama.

Types of Art Mediums

Paintings: Use pigments on surfaces to express visual art.
Prints: Created through impression transfer methods, producing two-dimensional art.
Drawings: The oldest form of art, linked to prehistoric traditions.
Photography: Captures images via light-sensitive materials.
Crafts: Involve skilled manual artistry in trades.
Design: Varied forms of applied arts, including graphic and industrial design.
Performance Art: Involves live actions executed by artists.
Mixed Media: Works that combine various materials creatively.
Sculpture: Artistic form tracing back to prehistoric times, involving three-dimensional construction.
Installation Art: Artwork that occupies and redefines gallery spaces, coined in the 1970s.
New Media: Emerged in the 1960s as artists explored technology's role in art.

Elements of Art

Value: The lightness or darkness of colors.
Texture: The tactile quality of surfaces.
Shape: Two-dimensional or three-dimensional forms.
Composition: The organized arrangement of elements within a space, including balance and unity.
Movement: The design's rhythm and the flow of vision across a piece.
Line: Defined by various forms, can convey dynamism and compositional balance.

Notable Works and Monuments

Oblation: Bronze cast sculpture symbolizing the university’s idealism at the University of the Philippines.
Bonifacio Monument: Located in Caloocan, it features a circular design central to a busy traffic area, commemorating national hero Andres Bonifacio.

Music in Philippine Culture

Harana: A traditional serenade where a man sings to woo a woman.
Kundiman: Love songs filled with deep poetic emotions.
Influences: Filipino music has been shaped by American cultural elements, traditional music, and Hispanic influence through genres like Rondalla.
Original Filipino Music (OPM): Contemporary Philippine pop, rock, and choir music expressions.

Awards in Arts and Science

National Artist Award: Recognizes significant contributions to Philippine arts and letters.
National Scientist Award: Highest honor for Filipino scientists, promoting research and innovation.
GAMABA (Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Awards): Honors folk and indigenous artists preserving traditional arts despite modernization.

Cultural Institutions

National Commission on Culture and Arts: Government agency dedicated to promoting Philippine arts and culture.
Cultural Center of the Philippines: Governs and oversees public sector culture initiatives.

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Description

This quiz delves into the evolution of contemporary and modern art, particularly in the context of Philippine art. It explores various art forms such as painting, sculpture, and performance, while examining the three traditions that have shaped Philippine artistic expressions. Test your knowledge on the significant changes in artistic practices from the 1970s to the present.