Consumption-Based Asset Pricing
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Questions and Answers

What is the conceptual view that incorporates all risk correlations for any asset?

  • A change of measure
  • A single (random) variable Mt+1 to discount payoffs with (correct)
  • A Marginal rate of substitution
  • A complete set of competitive markets

What is the formula for the payoff of an asset in multiple periods?

  • Pi,t = Et [Mt+1 (Di,t+1 - Pi,t+1 )]
  • Pi,t = Et [Mt+1 (Di,t+1 + Pi,t+1 )] (correct)
  • Pi,t = Et [Mt+1 /(Di,t+1 + Pi,t+1 )]
  • Pi,t = Et [Mt+1 (Di,t+1 * Pi,t+1 )]

What is the price of the Arrow security that pays $1 if state s occurs at time t+1 and zero otherwise?

  • Ï€s,t+1
  • Xs,t+1
  • Ps,t,t+1 (correct)
  • Ms,t+1

What is the implication of the equation Pi,t = Et [Mt+1 Xt+1 ]?

<p>Ms,t+1 = Ps,t,t+1 / πs,t+1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Modigliani-Miller theorem?

<p>Value of an asset is the sum of its parts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why doesn't the capital structure of a firm affect its value?

<p>Due to arbitrage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition does the Modigliani-Miller theorem hold?

<p>Complete markets and no taxes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does hedging a risk raise the value of a firm?

<p>No, never (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of consumption-based asset pricing?

<p>Understanding the relationship between consumption and asset prices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Consumption Euler equation?

<p>To derive the fundamental equation of consumption-based asset pricing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the return on an asset defined as?

<p>The payoff of the asset divided by the price (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stochastic discount factor?

<p>A discount factor that varies with uncertainty (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental equation of consumption-based asset pricing?

<p>Pi,t = Et [Mt+1 Xi,t+1] (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the stochastic discount factor in consumption-based asset pricing?

<p>To price all assets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the stochastic discount factor and the standard discount factor?

<p>The stochastic discount factor generalizes the standard discount factor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the two perspectives in the Consumption Euler equation?

<p>To relate consumption to asset prices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the geometric and arithmetic returns in the context of asset pricing?

<p>Geometric mean is a logarithmic function, while arithmetic mean is a linear function. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate standard deviation of the annual real return on stocks?

<p>18% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the log of expected gross return and the expected net return?

<p>Log of expected gross return is approximately equal to the expected net return for small x. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the assumption about the representative agent's preferences in the Mehra-Prescott 1985 model?

<p>Constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the equity premium in the Mehra-Prescott 1985 model?

<p>log Et RC,t+1 − log Rf ,t = γvart (∆ log Ct+1 ) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of the consumption process in the endowment economy of the Mehra-Prescott 1985 model?

<p>Logarithmic growth with a constant variance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the risk-free rate in the Mehra-Prescott 1985 model?

<p>log Rf ,t = δ + γEt [∆ log Ct+1 ] − γ2 vart (∆ log Ct+1 ) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of the Mehra-Prescott 1985 model?

<p>To fit the model to the data and explain the equity premium puzzle. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vector represents the state of the world in the future?

<p>S (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression $Pt imes Xt+1$ represent?

<p>Value of Firm A before hedging risk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Modigliani-Miller theorem, what remains unchanged when a firm purchases another cashflow?

<p>The firm's value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of research do Ketchup Economists focus on?

<p>Hard data on transactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CRRA stand for in the context of utility functions?

<p>Constant relative risk aversion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for relative risk aversion in the given context?

<ul> <li>(U''(C)C / U'(C)) = γ (A)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Two quart-sized ketchup bottles invariably sell for what price according to Ketchup Economists?

<p>Twice as much as one bottle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In portfolio choice, how is the fraction allocated to a risky asset determined?

<p>It is independent of wealth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does $eta$ represent in the context of the power utility function?

<p>Discount factor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of consumption-based asset pricing, what does the term $1/Et[M_{t+1}]$ represent?

<p>Risk-free rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the intertemporal elasticity of substitution related to $ ext{γ}$ in the power utility function?

<p>It is the inverse of $ ext{γ}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In risk adjustments, when is an asset considered a hedge?

<p>When its payoff covaries negatively with consumption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term represents precautionary savings in the risk-free rate equation?

<p>$ ext{γ}^2 ext{σ}<em>t^2 (Δ ext{log} ext{C}</em>{t+1})$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the equity premium formula, what does the covariance term represent?

<p>Covariance between consumption growth and return on equity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is implied when the return on an asset is negatively correlated with $M_{t+1}$?

<p>The asset has a high risk premium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the expression $P_{i,t} = rac{E[X_{i,t+1}]}{R_{f,t}} + ext{cov}t(M{t+1}, X_{i,t+1})$ describe?

<p>Price of an asset with risk adjustments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition under power utility indicates an asset is a hedge?

<p>Payoff covaries negatively with consumption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is added to the equity premium formula to account for the log-normal assumption?

<p>$rac{1}{2} ext{σ}<em>t^2( ext{log} ext{R}</em>{i,t+1})$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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