Construction Techniques and Architectural Styles

Stacking and Piling: A building method that involves layering materials to create structures.

Gothic Architecture: Known for its use of pointed arches and flying buttresses, which allow for taller structures.
Flying Buttress: A support system that extends from a wall to a pier, acting as a brace to transfer weight from the wall to the ground.
Roman Aqueducts: Ancient systems for transporting water using complex networks of channels, bridges, and tunnels.
Pont du Gard: A Roman aqueduct bridge in southern France, known for its impressive three-tiered arch design.

Eiffel Tower: A wrought-iron lattice tower built for the 1889 World's Fair in Paris.
Fallingwater: A famous house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, built over a waterfall in Pennsylvania.
Wainwright Building: One of the first skyscrapers, designed by Louis Sullivan in St. Louis, Missouri.
Crystal Palace: A magnificent cast-iron and glass building created for the Great Exhibition of 1851 in London.
Guggenheim Museum: An iconic modern art museum in New York designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, boasting a distinctive spiral shape.
Byodo-in Temple: A beautiful Buddhist temple in Japan, known for its Phoenix Hall.

Pop Art: An art movement that emerged in the 1950s and 1960s, exploring themes of popular culture, consumerism, and advertising.
Andy Warhol: A prominent figure in Pop Art, known for his silk-screen prints of everyday objects and iconic figures, such as Marilyn Monroe.

Lithography: A printing process using a flat stone or metal plate to transfer an image onto paper.
Monotypes: A form of printmaking that produces a unique, one-off image by the artist.
High-relief: A type of sculpture where figures are deeply carved to stand out from the background.
Carving (Sculpture): A subtractive process where material is removed to create a form.
Installation: A three-dimensional artwork designed to transform a space often engaging the surrounding environment.
Additive process (Sculpture): A process where material is added to create form, like building a sculpture with clay or welding metal.
Lost Wax Casting: A metal casting method that involves creating a wax mold, which is then melted away, leaving a hollow form to be filled with molten metal.

Spiritual Themes: Art that explores religious or spiritual ideas, often with symbolism and imagery.
Nature: Art inspired by the natural world, from landscapes to flora and fauna.
Politics: Art that addresses social and political issues, expressing critiques, reflections, and commentaries.
Identity: Art that explores themes of self-discovery, identity, and individual experiences.

Form: The visible shape or configuration of something in art.
Color Schemes: Various ways of using colors in art, such as monochromatic, complementary, and analogous.
Asymmetrical Balance: Balance achieved in art without symmetry, creating dynamic visual tension.
Symmetrical Balance: Balance achieved when elements are mirrored on either side of a central axis, creating a sense of harmony and stability.
Rhythm: The repetition of visual elements in a work of art to create movement and visual interest.
Composition: The arrangement of elements within a work of art, guiding the viewer's eye and conveying meaning.

Art Cinema: A type of film that emphasizes artistic expression and exploration over mainstream entertainment.
Post-Internet Art: Art that reflects on the impact of the internet and digital culture on society and our lives.

Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel: Famous for its intricate frescoes, particularly the depiction of the Last Judgement, known for its dramatic composition and expressive figures.
The School of Athens: A fresco by Raphael, depicting classical Greek philosophers gathered in a harmonious setting, representing the rebirth of humanist thought during the Renaissance.
The Monuments Men: A group formed during World War II to recover art looted by the Nazis, highlighting the importance of cultural preservation in the face of conflict.

Kodak Camera: The first mass-market camera, introduced by George Eastman in 1888, revolutionizing photography and making it accessible to a wider audience.
Eadweard Muybridge: A photographer known for his motion studies and early cinematography, capturing the phases of animal locomotion.
Graphic Design: A field that encompasses various visual communication methods, evolving with the invention of the printing press and the rise of digital technologies.
Logotype: A stylized logo that represents a company, brand, or organization, often becoming a visual identity for a company.
Video: A medium for recording, reproducing, and displaying moving visual images, profoundly influencing communication, storytelling, and art.

Iconoclasm: The destruction of religious or political images, often as an act of protest.
Foreshortening: A drawing technique used to create the illusion of an object receding into the distance.
Pointillism: A painting technique where tiny dots of color are placed side by side to create an image, emphasizing the effects of light and color.
Conte Crayon: A drawing medium made from compressed powdered graphite or charcoal mixed with wax or clay, noted for its smooth texture and ability to blend.
Pigment: The material that gives paint its color, derived from natural or synthetic sources.
Acrylic: A fast-drying synthetic paint popular among artists for its versatility and vibrant colors.
Petroglyphs: Rock carvings created by prehistoric peoples, often used for storytelling, communication, or religious purposes.