PPA 120 Notes

<p>To outline criteria for limiting rights in certain situations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Notwithstanding Clause (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Senate can veto some changes for 180 days. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A parliamentary system of government (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The right to vote and run for office (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supports the Cabinet and the PM in policy advice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>270 electoral college votes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Majority government (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canadians vote for Members of Parliament, not the Prime Minister directly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commitments to NORAD and NATO (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Younger men (ages 18-34) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fear of mass deportations impacting Canadian immigration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>538 votes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It emphasizes merit-based and non-partisan criteria. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>105 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Performing ceremonial duties and representing the Crown (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Prime Minister is the head of state. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Growing incivility in politics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Reform Act (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To hold executive and legislative powers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The growing obstruction in parliamentary proceedings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transition from race-based criteria to merit-based selection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multiculturalism Act of 1988 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Judicial government (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintains order and oversees debates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clarity Act of 2000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased by 7%, with a focus on race-related crimes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To assimilate Indigenous people into Canadian society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Section 35 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relocation must involve consent and fair compensation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>94 Calls to Action (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Violence against Indigenous women and girls is a genocide. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paternalism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada was guilty of discrimination against them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Public Interest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That every vote has equal weight in the election process. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The candidate with the highest votes wins, regardless of majority. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows candidates to win without an overall majority of votes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A system that combines features of both FPTP and PR. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of representatives elected per electoral district. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may lead to significant underrepresentation of minority parties. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The potential for increased violence and democratic unrest. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The percentage of votes each party receives across all constituencies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A set of rules that defines the structure and principles of Canada's government.

Established the parliamentary government in Canada, patterned after the UK system.

Specific procedures needed to change the Constitution, requiring varying levels of approval.

Part of the Constitution Act of 1982, guaranteeing fundamental rights in Canada.

Allows limits on rights if necessary to maintain a free and democratic society.

A test for when a law can limit a Charter right: important objective, proportional to its objective.

Allows temporary overriding of certain Charter rights for up to 5 years.

Canada's style of government where the executive branch (government) is accountable to the legislature (elected representatives).

Aimed to assimilate Indigenous peoples into Canadian society by controlling their identity, land, and governance, leading to the erosion of traditional systems.

Recognizes and affirms existing Indigenous rights in Canada, including those under treaties, safeguarding them from diminishment.

Guarantees Indigenous peoples' right to not be forcibly removed from their land, requiring free, prior, and informed consent for relocation.

Issued 94 Calls to Action to address the legacy of residential schools and advance reconciliation, including a call for Jordan's Principle implementation.

A principle aiming for the federal government to cover the costs of Indigenous child welfare services, ensuring proper implementation is a call to action.

Highlighted violence against Indigenous women and girls as a genocide, issuing calls for systemic changes.

Include paternalism, structural discrimination, justification of Indigenous rights, insufficient resources, and reconciliation without real change.

Found Canada guilty of discriminating against First Nations children, ordering compensation but facing government resistance.

A historical immigration law in Canada that restricted Chinese immigration, reflecting racist attitudes.

During World War II, Japanese Canadians were unjustly forced into internment camps, demonstrating racial prejudice.

A merit-based approach implemented in 1967 to select immigrants based on education, skills, and other factors, replacing race-based criteria.

A policy adopted in 1971 to foster cultural retention and participation in Canadian society, recognizing diverse cultures.

A 1988 law that solidified cultural preservation and combatting discrimination, strengthening multiculturalism.

This section of the Canadian Charter of rights entrenches multiculturalism in law, acknowledging its importance.

Different ways a government can be formed in Canada depending on the number of seats held by each party.

A chamber in parliament where the government must have the support of the majority of members to stay in power.

A system of government where the executive branch (government) is accountable to the legislative branch (elected representatives). The Prime Minister and Cabinet are chosen from the party with the majority of seats in the House of Commons.

A principle that ensures the executive branch (government) is accountable to the legislative branch (elected representatives). This means if the government loses the confidence of the legislature, it must resign.

The representative of the Queen in Canada, with ceremonial duties such as reading the Speech from the Throne. They also have the power to dissolve Parliament and appoint the Prime Minister.

The leader of the political executive and the primary architect of the government's agenda. They are the head of the government and choose the members of the Cabinet.

Composed of the Prime Minister and ministers, holding executive and legislative powers. Ministers are responsible for specific government departments.

A legislative body with 105 members appointed by the Governor General on the Prime Minister's recommendation. It represents regional interests and acts as a chamber of sober second thought.

Aimed to balance power between MPs and party leaders, allowing caucuses to expel members or review leadership. This act aimed to increase the independence of individual MPs.

Discussions on growing incivility in politics and finding balance between accountability and obstruction, as well as possible reforms to enhance the civility and democracy of the Canadian legislature.

A system used in the U.S. presidential election where each state gets a certain number of votes based on its population. The candidate who gets the most votes in a state wins all of that state's electoral votes, except for Maine and Nebraska.

The system used in most states in the U.S. presidential election where the candidate who gets the most votes in a state wins all of that state's electoral votes.

The number of electoral votes needed to win the U.S. Presidency.

In the U.S., citizens vote directly for the president and vice-president. In Canada, voters elect Members of Parliament, not the Prime Minister directly.

Pierre Trudeau's analogy for Canada's relationship with the U.S., emphasizing the significant influence the U.S. has on Canada.

Biden's 2023 visit to Canada focused on economic, energy, cyber, and security issues, including NORAD, NATO commitments, and immigration agreements.

Canadians generally have higher support for Harris than Trump, although support for Trump among Canadians is higher in 2024 than it was in 2020.

Canadian concerns post-2024 U.S. election include potential renegotiation of CUSMA (trade agreement) and fear of mass deportations in the U.S. impacting Canadian immigration.

Individuals chosen by voters to represent them in government at different levels. These representatives make decisions and policies on their behalf.

Specific geographic areas where voters elect a single representative to the legislature.

Ensures that each person's vote has equal weight, regardless of where they live.

The total percentage of votes that each party receives across all constituencies during an election.

The number of representatives elected from a particular constituency.

Electoral system where seats are allocated to parties based on their percentage of the popular vote.

Electoral system where the candidate with the most votes in a riding wins, regardless of whether they have a majority.

Electoral systems that combine features of both Proportional Representation (PR) and Winner-Takes-All (FPTP).