Consequences of Mitochondrial Damage
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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of increased permeability of the mitochondrial membrane?

  • Decrease in cytosolic calcium levels
  • Formation of reactive oxygen species
  • Enhanced production of ATP
  • Leakage of mitochondrial proteins into the cytoplasm inducing apoptosis (correct)

    • How does ischemia lead to an increase in cytosolic calcium levels?

  • By reducing phospholipase activity
  • By promoting influx of calcium into the mitochondria
  • By stimulating release from intracellular stores (correct)
  • By decreasing intracellular enzyme activity

    • What is the role of cytosolic calcium in apoptosis?

  • Inhibition of caspase activity
  • Prevention of mitochondrial damage
  • Promotion of cell proliferation
  • Activation of damaging enzymes and caspases (correct)

    • How does an increase in intracellular calcium levels affect mitochondrial function?

    <p>Induces loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle sequesters most of the cytosolic calcium under normal conditions?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate outcome of increased cytosolic calcium levels due to ischemia?

    <p>Promotion of apoptosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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