Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic feature of mast cells under the light microscope?
What is a characteristic feature of mast cells under the light microscope?
- Rounded to oval cells with central nucleus and many basophilic granules (correct)
- Small rounded cells with many fat droplets
- Small rounded cells with a signet ring appearance
- Large oval cells filled with a single large droplet of fat
What is the function of heparin secreted by mast cells?
What is the function of heparin secreted by mast cells?
- Supportive and heat insulation
- Anticoagulation (correct)
- Heat generation
- Eosinophil chemotactic factor
What type of adipocytes are found in brown adipose tissue?
What type of adipocytes are found in brown adipose tissue?
- Leukocytes
- Multi-locular adipocytes (correct)
- Mast cells
- Unilocular adipocytes
What is the site of mast cells?
What is the site of mast cells?
What is the function of unilocular adipocytes?
What is the function of unilocular adipocytes?
What is the morphology of unilocular adipocytes under the light microscope?
What is the morphology of unilocular adipocytes under the light microscope?
Which type of cells are essential components of connective tissue?
Which type of cells are essential components of connective tissue?
What is the function of fibroblasts in connective tissue?
What is the function of fibroblasts in connective tissue?
What is the origin of macrophages?
What is the origin of macrophages?
What is the characteristic shape of fibroblasts in the light microscope?
What is the characteristic shape of fibroblasts in the light microscope?
What is the function of macrophages in inflammation?
What is the function of macrophages in inflammation?
What is the characteristic feature of macrophages in the electron microscope?
What is the characteristic feature of macrophages in the electron microscope?
What is the name of macrophages in the liver?
What is the name of macrophages in the liver?
What is the shape of plasma cells in the light microscope?
What is the shape of plasma cells in the light microscope?
What is the primary function of connective tissue?
What is the primary function of connective tissue?
What is the origin of connective tissue?
What is the origin of connective tissue?
What is the characteristic of mesenchymal cells?
What is the characteristic of mesenchymal cells?
What type of tissue develops from mesenchymal cells?
What type of tissue develops from mesenchymal cells?
What is the role of connective tissue in exchanging nutrients and metabolites?
What is the role of connective tissue in exchanging nutrients and metabolites?
What is the characteristic of resident cells in connective tissue?
What is the characteristic of resident cells in connective tissue?
What is the function of adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood, and lymphoid tissue?
What is the function of adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood, and lymphoid tissue?
What are the two categories of connective tissue cells?
What are the two categories of connective tissue cells?
Flashcards
Connective Tissue (C.T.)
Connective Tissue (C.T.)
Connects, supports, and maintains body form; derived from mesenchyme.
Mesenchyme
Mesenchyme
Embryonic tissue, mainly from mesoderm, that gives rise to connective tissue.
Functions of C.T.
Functions of C.T.
Provides body shape, connects/supports cells & organs, medium for nutrient exchange, and special functions (e.g., fat storage).
Structure of C.T.
Structure of C.T.
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Categories of C.T. Cells
Categories of C.T. Cells
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Examples of Resident Cells
Examples of Resident Cells
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Examples of Wandering Cells
Examples of Wandering Cells
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Fibroblast Function
Fibroblast Function
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Macrophage Functions
Macrophage Functions
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Plasma Cell Function
Plasma Cell Function
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Mast Cell Function
Mast Cell Function
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Mast cell Secretions
Mast cell Secretions
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Types of Fat Cells
Types of Fat Cells
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Function of Unilocular Adipocytes
Function of Unilocular Adipocytes
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Function of Multilocular Adipocytes
Function of Multilocular Adipocytes
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Site of Unilocular Adipocytes
Site of Unilocular Adipocytes
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Site of Multilocular Adipocytes
Site of Multilocular Adipocytes
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C.T. as Exchange Medium
C.T. as Exchange Medium
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LM of Fibroblasts
LM of Fibroblasts
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LM of Plasma cell
LM of Plasma cell
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LM of Mast Cells
LM of Mast Cells
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LM of Unilocular Adipocytes
LM of Unilocular Adipocytes
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Study Notes
Connective Tissue (C.T.)
- Definition: Connective tissue connects, supports, and maintains the form of the body, and is derived from mesenchyme (an embryonic tissue).
Origin of C.T.
- Mesenchyme develops mainly from the middle layer of the embryo, the mesoderm.
- Mesenchymal cells are elongated, have many thin cytoplasmic processes, oval nucleus, and fine chromatin, and migrate from their site of origin to the developing organs.
Functions of C.T
- Provides and maintains the shape of the body.
- Connects, binds, and supports cells and organs.
- Acts as an exchange medium for nutrients and metabolites.
- Performs special functions for adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood, and lymphoid tissue.
Structure of C.T
- Consists of cells and extracellular matrix.
Connective Tissue Cells
- Can be classified into two distinct categories: Resident (fixed, intrinsic) cells and Wandering (free, migrant) cells.
Resident (fixed, intrinsic) cells
- Examples include:
- Mesenchymal cells
- Fibroblasts
- Fat cells
- Reticular cells
- Pigment cells
Wandering (free, migrant) cells
- Examples include:
- Plasma cells
- Mast cells
- Macrophages
- Leukocytes
Fibroblasts
- Site: all types of CT
- Light Microscopy (LM):
- Elongated branched cells with many long processes
- Spindle-shaped in side view
- Function:
- Formation of CT fiber and ground substances
- Healing and repair of CT after injury
Macrophages
- Origin: Monocytes
- Sites: Distributed throughout the body
- Light Microscopy (LM): Special stains trypan blue or India ink
- Electron Microscopy (EM):
- Irregular surface with protrusions and indentations
- Kidney-shaped nucleus
- Well-developed Golgi complex
- Prominent rough endoplasmic reticulum
- Many lysosomes
- Functions:
- Phagocytosis
- Production of cytokines, chemotactic factors that participate in inflammation (defense)
- Antigen processing and presentation
- May fuse to form multinuclear giant cells
Plasma Cells
- Site: Lymphatic tissue
- Light Microscopy (LM):
- Oval cell
- Eccentric nucleus
- Deeply basophilic cytoplasm (excess rER) showing negative Golgi image
- Function: Antibody production
Mast Cells
- Site: Loose CT around BV, under epithelium of GIT and respiratory system
- Light Microscopy (LM):
- Rounded to oval cells
- Central nucleus
- Many basophilic granules filling cytoplasm stained metachromatically with Toluidine blue
- Function: Secretion of:
- Heparin
- Histamine
- Eosinophil chemotactic factor
Adipose (Fat) Cells
- There are two types: Uni-locular adipocyte and Multi-locular adipocyte
- Both originate from mesenchymal precursors called lipoblasts
Uni-locular Adipocytes
- Site: White adipose CT
- Light Microscopy (LM):
- Large oval cell filled with a single large droplet of fat
- Fat occupies most of the cell volume, compressing cytoplasm into a thin rim and pushing the nucleus to one side, resulting in a signet ring appearance
- Function: Supportive and heat insulation
Multi-locular Adipocytes
- Site: Brown adipose CT
- Light Microscopy (LM):
- Small rounded cells with many small fat droplets and central rounded nucleus
- Numerous mitochondria
- Function: Heat generation
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Description
This lecture covers the definition, structure, and function of connective tissue, as well as its types and cells. Learn about the role of connective tissue in the human body.
