Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Learning

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Which of the following is a source of free intracellular calcium in CHF due to increased sympathetic activity?

Decrease in cardiac preload

Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria (correct)

Reduction in systemic arteriolar resistance

Dilation of venous blood vessels

Which adverse effect is most commonly associated with ACE inhibitor therapy in CHF?

Persistent dry cough (correct)

Renal insufficiency

Postural hypotension

Hyperkalemia

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Metolazone

Hydrochlorothiazide

Furosemide (correct)

Bumetanide

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

(hydralazine) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

Angiotensin II blockers Signup and view all the answers

Which drug's mechanism of action involves regulation of cytosolic calcium concentration and increased contractility of cardiac muscle?

Cardiac glycosides (Digitalis) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Verapamil Signup and view all the answers

Which inotropic agent leads to an increase in intracellular cAMP, resulting in the activation of protein kinase, phosphorylation of calcium channel, and increased calcium entrance?

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used β-Adrenergic agonist other than digitalis for improving cardiac performance in CHF?

Dobutamine Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

Digoxin therapy along with ACE inhibitors and diuretics Signup and view all the answers

What are the major causes of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Chronic hypertension, valvular disease, and coronary artery disease Signup and view all the answers

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

Class IV (severe) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main symptom of Class III (moderate) heart failure?

Chest congestion Signup and view all the answers

Which agent results in an increase in the force of contraction by increasing calcium levels?

Agents that increase calcium concentration Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

β-Adrenergic agonist Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Loop diuretics Signup and view all the answers

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

ACE inhibitor Signup and view all the answers

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Potassium-sparing diuretics Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

Nitroglycerin Signup and view all the answers

What are the major causes of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Chronic hypertension, valvular disease, and coronary artery disease Signup and view all the answers

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

ACE inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

Nitroglycerin Signup and view all the answers

What is the main symptom of Class III (moderate) heart failure?

Chest congestion and edema Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Bumetanide Signup and view all the answers

Which agent results in an increase in the force of contraction by increasing calcium levels?

Positive inotropic agents Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

Aldosterone antagonists Signup and view all the answers

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Cimetidine Signup and view all the answers

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

Class 3 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors therapy in CHF?

Postural hypotension Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretic is commonly used to relieve pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Hydrochlorothiazide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of β-Adrenergic agonists in improving cardiac performance in CHF?

Positive inotropic effects and vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

Angiotensin II antagonists Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Verapamil Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

Digoxin therapy Signup and view all the answers

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

Class IV (severe) Signup and view all the answers

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Learning

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a source of free intracellular calcium in CHF due to increased sympathetic activity?

Which adverse effect is most commonly associated with ACE inhibitor therapy in CHF?

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

Which drug's mechanism of action involves regulation of cytosolic calcium concentration and increased contractility of cardiac muscle?

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Which inotropic agent leads to an increase in intracellular cAMP, resulting in the activation of protein kinase, phosphorylation of calcium channel, and increased calcium entrance?

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

What is the most commonly used β-Adrenergic agonist other than digitalis for improving cardiac performance in CHF?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

What are the major causes of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

What is the main symptom of Class III (moderate) heart failure?

Which agent results in an increase in the force of contraction by increasing calcium levels?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

What are the major causes of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

What is the main symptom of Class III (moderate) heart failure?

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Which agent results in an increase in the force of contraction by increasing calcium levels?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors therapy in CHF?

Which diuretic is commonly used to relieve pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

What is the primary mechanism of action of β-Adrenergic agonists in improving cardiac performance in CHF?

Which electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

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