Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Learning

Which of the following is a source of free intracellular calcium in CHF due to increased sympathetic activity?

Which adverse effect is most commonly associated with ACE inhibitor therapy in CHF?

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

Which drug's mechanism of action involves regulation of cytosolic calcium concentration and increased contractility of cardiac muscle?

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Which inotropic agent leads to an increase in intracellular cAMP, resulting in the activation of protein kinase, phosphorylation of calcium channel, and increased calcium entrance?

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

What is the most commonly used β-Adrenergic agonist other than digitalis for improving cardiac performance in CHF?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

What are the major causes of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

What is the main symptom of Class III (moderate) heart failure?

Which agent results in an increase in the force of contraction by increasing calcium levels?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

What are the major causes of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Which drug is a direct smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of CHF?

What is the main symptom of Class III (moderate) heart failure?

Which diuretic is indicated for relieving pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

Which agent results in an increase in the force of contraction by increasing calcium levels?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors therapy in CHF?

Which diuretic is commonly used to relieve pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

What is the primary mechanism of action of β-Adrenergic agonists in improving cardiac performance in CHF?

Which electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

Which medication's pharmacological effects include dilation of venous blood vessels and reduction of systemic arteriolar resistance?

What is the main adverse effect associated with Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels by 50 to 75% and may require a reduction in the dose of digoxin?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction after initiation of diuretic and vasodilation therapy?

Which class of heart failure is characterized by symptoms occurring at rest?

What electrolytic disturbance can predispose to digitalis toxicity and can be prevented by use of a potassium sparing diuretic or supplementation with potassium chloride?

What is the source of free intracellular calcium in CHF due to increased sympathetic activity?

What is the most common adverse effect of ACE inhibitor therapy in CHF?

Which diuretic helps relieve pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

What is the direct smooth muscle relaxant used in CHF?

What are the pharmacological effects of Angiotensin II blockers?

How do cardiac glycosides work in CHF?

What is the main adverse effect of Angiotensin II antagonist therapy?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels?

How do Phosphodiesterase inhibitors work?

What electrolyte disturbance can lead to digitalis toxicity?

What β-Adrenergic agonist is commonly used for CHF?

What therapy is indicated for severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction?

What are the major causes of CHF?

What characterizes Class IV heart failure?

What is the main symptom of Class III heart failure?

How do agents that increase calcium concentration affect heart contraction?

What is indicated for patients with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction?

What is the main adverse effect of Angiotensin II antagonist therapy?

Which diuretics are effective for pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

What are the pharmacological effects of ACE inhibitors?

What electrolyte disturbance can lead to digitalis toxicity?

Which drugs can increase digoxin levels?

What is the direct smooth muscle relaxant used in CHF?

What are the major causes of CHF?

What are the pharmacological effects of ACE inhibitors?

What electrolyte disturbance can lead to digitalis toxicity?

What is the direct smooth muscle relaxant used in CHF?

What is the main symptom of Class III (moderate) heart failure?

Which diuretic is used for pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

How do positive inotropic agents affect heart contraction?

What is indicated for severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels?

What characterizes Class 3 heart failure?

What is a potential adverse effect of ACE inhibitors therapy in CHF?

Which diuretic is commonly used for pulmonary congestion and peripheral edema in CHF?

What is the primary mechanism of action of β-Adrenergic agonists in CHF?

What electrolyte disturbance can lead to digitalis toxicity?

What are the pharmacological effects of Angiotensin II antagonists?

What is the main adverse effect of Angiotensin II antagonist therapy in CHF?

Which drug can increase digoxin levels?

What therapy is indicated for severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction?

What characterizes Class IV (severe) heart failure?

What electrolyte disturbance can lead to digitalis toxicity?