Congestion Pricing: City Incentives and Tech

False (B)

Congestion

<p>congestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>London's Congestion Zone = London Singapore's ERP = Singapore Stockholm's Congestion Tax = Stockholm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce traffic in a certain area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental threat to human health</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A combination of RFID and ANPR to cross-reference payment status. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fear of increasing gender equality challenging existing societal norms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower prices during off-peak hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>cap</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More convenient travel</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shinjuku</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Either in advance, on the day of travel, or within three days after. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>King's Cross St Pancras Station = A metro station acting as a stop for six underground lines, fourteen bus routes, National Rail, and international rail. Shinjuku Station = Serves multiple JR lines, subway lines, private train lines, and an Expressway Bus Terminal, designed for millions of daily transfers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serving as cultural icons and boosting the local economy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RFID</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>London (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate efficient transfers between numerous major train lines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wide, well-maintained paths to accommodate pedestrian traffic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>integrated shopping centres/good public transport system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pedestrian</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>33% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ineffective coverage public transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central London = Has wide, well-maintained paths used daily by commuters and tourists. Outer London = Higher percentage of households own at least one car due to coverage issues. Shinjuku Station = Has four integrated shopping centers, with the largest having over three hundred shops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Public transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Singapore's scheme does not have a daily cap on charges, while Stockholm's does. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To promote safer travel for pedestrians by reducing traffic volume. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>33%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More pleasant walking experience, improved air quality, and increased public transport use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>31</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>separated</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased public transport routes in a period of 3 months before the charging scheme was introduced. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Santander Bikes = London Vélib' bikes = Paris Bixi bikes = Montreal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>London = 33% Stockholm (trial period) = 21% Stockholm (after introduction) = 20.9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased spontaneous purchases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The congestion zone was too small compared to Greater London, coupled with other pollution sources. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>polluting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constructing bike-bypasses or bike-bridges. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The trend of individuals owning and using personal vehicles.

The contamination of the environment, commonly linked to vehicle emissions.

A system where drivers pay a fee to enter congested areas.

Greenhouse gas emissions caused by the transport industry.

A designated area in London where congestion charges apply.

Electronic Road Pricing system that charges vehicles for entry into congested areas.

A tax implemented in Stockholm to reduce traffic in the city center.

The reasons for implementing congestion pricing systems.

Automatic Number Plate Recognition system for vehicle monitoring.

Radio Frequency Identification for automatic billing via in-vehicle units.

Variable pricing based on time of day or demand.

Fixed pricing that does not change based on time or demand.

Automatic billing through a prepaid card or bank account connection.

Limit on daily toll costs after a certain amount is charged.

Static fees for congestion charges, varying based on payment timing.

Electronic Road Pricing that uses RFID and ANPR for vehicle tolling.

Designated train carriages for women in Japan to ensure safety from groping.

Japan ranks 120th out of 156 countries in gender equality.

Combining different transport modes into a cohesive public transport network.

A major transport hub in London connecting various transport services.

A card used in London for convenient access to public transportation.

The busiest train station in the world located in Tokyo.

Transport hubs can significantly boost local economies by attracting businesses.

Areas surrounding large transport hubs often develop vibrant communities.

Charges for entering high-priced gantries in Singapore, where exceeding £15 per day is unlikely.

A 33% reduction in car entries to London's congestion zone from 2002 to 2003.

Bus and coach trips into London's congestion zone increased by 23% in 2003 and 31% by 2008.

No noticeable decrease in NO₂ emissions directly due to London's congestion charge.

Traffic reduction of 21% in private vehicle use during Stockholm's charging trial period.

Stockholm expanded public transport routes before introducing the congestion charge, boosting use by 29%.

Public transport is less polluting per person kilometer compared to private cars.

A strategy used in cities like London and Stockholm to reduce traffic and promote public transport.

Good public transport systems improve efficiency and usage.

Even cities with public transport face traffic congestion at peak times.

Regions with efficient public transport systems, influencing car ownership.

Car ownership is disputed despite good public transport options.

Wide and well-maintained paths are essential for walkable cities.

Cities encourage walking by providing essential infrastructure.

Car ownership increases in outer London compared to central areas.

Cities promoting walking and cycling to reduce car reliance.

Characteristics that enhance pedestrian safety and comfort, like wide paths and car-free zones.

Areas in cities where vehicles are restricted, enhancing pedestrian safety and reducing emissions.

A fee imposed on drivers for entering congested areas to reduce traffic and pollution.

Lower traffic volume leads to better walking conditions, less pollution, and more public transport use.

Cycling offers space efficiency, quiet operation, and no fuel consumption, encouraging transport shifts.

Dedicated road paths for cyclists, separated from car traffic for safety.

Public rental systems for bikes, allowing users to borrow and return cycles at designated stations.

Physical facilities in cities designed to support and promote cycling as a mode of transport.