Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Adrenal Insufficiency Symptoms
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary diagnostic marker for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency?

  • DHEA
  • 17-hydroxyprogesterone (correct)
  • 11-deoxycortisol
  • Cortisol

    • Which enzyme deficiency is associated with elevated 11-deoxycortisol levels?

  • 11β-hydroxylase deficiency (correct)
  • 17α-hydroxylase deficiency
  • 21-hydroxylase deficiency
  • 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency

    • Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of catecholamines?

  • Produced from phenylalanine
  • Synthesized in the adrenal medulla
  • Increase blood glucose levels
  • Act as neurotransmitters (correct)

    • Which of the following is the most important substance produced by the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Epinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of epinephrine (adrenaline)?

    <p>Mobilizing energy stores by converting glycogen to glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of adrenal insufficiency is characterized by low cortisol, low aldosterone, and high androgenic hormones?

    <p>Congenital adrenal hyperplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of androgen excess in infant girls?

    <p>Ambiguous genitalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a diagnostic marker for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>Elevated plasma DHEAS and DHEA levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Addison's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In men, excess androgens converted to estrogens can lead to which of the following effects?

    <p>Infertility with feminizing effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding DHEA and DHEAS?

    <p>DHEAS has a tighter binding to albumin compared to DHEA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of glucocorticoid deficiency in adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of adrenal insufficiency mentioned in the text?

    <p>Infection (tuberculosis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), the levels of DHEA/DHEAS are often elevated by how much?

    <p>5-fold to 10-fold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)?

    <p>A group of autosomal recessive disorders disrupting cortisol production due to enzyme deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of adrenal insufficiency occurs when the hypothalamus fails to produce sufficient amounts of CRH?

    <p>Tertiary adrenal insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is associated with mineralocorticoid deficiency in adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Hypercalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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