Confucianism: Five Classics and Four Books Overview

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Which text was prescribed by Zhu Xi to be read first among the Four Books?

The Great Learning

During which period did the importance of the Analects, Mencius, Great Learning, and Doctrine of the Mean start to rise?

Mid-Song

How many texts are comprised in the Four Books?

Four

Where did scholars focus on the original Five Classics again during the early Song period?

Mid-Song

Which text provides a precise order of steps in which it should be read?

Great Learning

In what form are the sayings of the Analects found?

Scattered about in fragments

What is the key to moral self-cultivation according to The Great Learning?

Investigation of things

Which classic did Zhu Xi recommend as the first to be read among Confucian Classics?

The Great Learning

What does Mencius believe about human nature?

Humans are inherently good

Which classic emphasizes the importance of good governance, filial piety, virtue, and ritual?

Analects

What is the central theme in The Great Learning?

Moral self-cultivation through learning

What important concept does Mencius emphasize through the story of the child at the well?

Seeds of righteousness and goodness in humans

Learn about the foundation of Confucianism through an overview of the Five Classics and Four Books. Discover the essential texts that formed the basis of civil examinations in imperial China and are considered the Confucian canon.

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