Conciencia e Inconsciente

Conciencia e Inconsciente

• Conciencia: Refers to the Latin phrase "cum scientia" (with knowledge), implying awareness of one's actions and surroundings. It's the space where the self reflects and exercises freedom. It's also the basis for moral responsibility.
• Inconsciente: Everything that lies outside conscious awareness. Includes automatic responses, physiological processes (e.g., heart, stomach), and states like sleep or when a person isn't fully aware of their actions' consequences.
• Autoconocimiento: Self-knowledge, limited by the unconscious.
• Autocontrol: Self-control, also limited by the unconscious.
• Sigmund Freud: Viennese psychiatrist who introduced psychoanalysis and explored the unconscious. He contended that increasing knowledge of the unconscious wouldn't necessarily lead to reducing its influence.

Impulsos: Principio del Placer y Principio de Realidad

• Impulsos: Basic psychic forces, rooted in the body, including survival and sexual drives.
• Principio del Placer: The unconscious prioritizes immediate satisfaction of needs, regardless of reality.
• Principio de Realidad: Society demands that impulses are tempered by reality, requiring individuals to delay gratification and compromise. Individuals experience pain and discomfort when this happens.

El Ello, el Yo y el Superyó

• Ello: Originating from early childhood, it encompasses unconscious instincts focused on immediate gratification (pleasure principle). Includes sexual and aggressive urges.
• Superyó: The internalization of societal and parental rules, acting as a moral conscience. Its demands often conflict with impulses.
• Yo: The mediating force between the id (the unconscious) and the superego, serving rational decision-making and managing psychological conflicts. It operates according to the reality principle.

Lo Biológico, lo Cultural y lo Existencial

• Sexualidad: The physiological and psychological aspects of sexual function. For Freud, it's a fundamental life force (eros), beginning at birth and evolving.
• Influencias Culturales: Human sexuality is highly impacted by culture, which dictates social norms and values regarding sexual behavior.
• Factores Biológicos: Hormones, physiological states, and biological experiences also affect sexuality.

Sujeto, Individuo y Persona

• Sujeto: A being who possesses consciousness and is capable of identifying themselves through self-reflection.
• Individuo: A unique and distinct individual with personal experiences and characteristics that set them apart.
• Persona: Signifies legal personality, holding rights and responsibilities in society. The concept evolves from the belief that it's a substance or aspect of the individual separate from the material body.

El Proyecto de Vida

• Human Existence: Unlike other animals, humans aren't predetermined. They shape their lives by making choices and setting goals.
• Time's Role: Human existence is a journey of constant change and growth, with a timeline shaping decisions and actions.
• Freedom and Responsibility: Humans must bear the responsibility of their choices, understanding that decisions have outcomes.
• Limits and Choices: While humans can shape their lives, they do operate within constraints like physical limitations, cultural norms, and social contexts.

Libertad y Responsabilidad

• Freedom: The capacity to choose, independent of external pressures, with limits acknowledged.
• Responsibility: The acknowledgement of consequences, following choices.

Autonomía y Autodominio

• Autonomy: Self-rule and self-governance, deciding actions based on internal principles, free from external coercion.
• Self-Control: The ability to regulate desires and impulses.

¿Es el Ser Humano un Ser Social por Naturaleza?

• Sociality: Humans aren't instinctively social like some animals. Their sociality develops as a result of a combination of factors like mutual needs, cooperation, and fulfilling survival needs. The pursuit of their own comforts, pleasures and desires also can foster the formation of societal structures.

La Construcción Intersubjetiva de la Identidad Personal

• Intersubjectivity: The dynamic interplay of self-perception in interaction with others (in contrast to an individualistic view of self-formation).
• Identity Formation: The process of acquiring a sense of self is shaped through these interactions and comparisons with others.

Este cuestionario explora los conceptos de conciencia e inconsciente, así como su impacto en el autoconocimiento y autocontrol. Se basa en las teorías de Sigmund Freud sobre el psicoanálisis y la naturaleza de los impulsos humanos. Descubre cómo la conciencia influye en la moralidad y la responsabilidad personal.