Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of the natural history of disease?
What is the primary focus of the natural history of disease?
- The progression of a disease in a population over time
- The socioeconomic factors that influence disease transmission
- The biological factors that contribute to disease susceptibility
- The progression of a disease in an individual over time, in the absence of intervention (correct)
What is the term for the varying signs, symptoms, and severity of the same disease in a population?
What is the term for the varying signs, symptoms, and severity of the same disease in a population?
- Disease incidence
- Spectrum of disease (correct)
- Natural history of disease
- Disease progression
What is the term for the stage of disease where an individual is infected but shows no symptoms?
What is the term for the stage of disease where an individual is infected but shows no symptoms?
- Stage of overt disease
- Incubation period
- Prodromal stage
- Carrier (correct)
What is the term for the 'hidden' cases of disease that are not diagnosed or reported?
What is the term for the 'hidden' cases of disease that are not diagnosed or reported?
What is the primary reason for the varying degrees of disease severity in a population?
What is the primary reason for the varying degrees of disease severity in a population?
What is the stage of disease where an individual begins to show symptoms?
What is the stage of disease where an individual begins to show symptoms?
What is the primary implication of the iceberg phenomenon for public health?
What is the primary implication of the iceberg phenomenon for public health?
What is the term for the stage of disease where an individual is recovering from an illness?
What is the term for the stage of disease where an individual is recovering from an illness?
What is the primary focus of control measures in the context of the natural history of disease?
What is the primary focus of control measures in the context of the natural history of disease?
What is the term for the period of time between exposure to a disease-causing agent and the onset of symptoms?
What is the term for the period of time between exposure to a disease-causing agent and the onset of symptoms?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Concept of Disease
- A disease is a condition where body function is impaired, departing from a state of health, and altering the performance of vital functions.
Theories of Disease Causation
- Supernatural theory of disease
- Ecological theory
- Germ theory: Microorganisms cause many known diseases (Pasteur, Henle, Koch)
- Multifactorial causation theory: Agent, host, and environmental factors interact synergistically to cause disease
Epidemiologic Triad
- Agent (pathogen): Biological, Nutrient, Chemical, Physical, Mechanical, or Genetic
- Host (susceptible individual): Intrinsic (age, race, sex, socioeconomic status) and modifiable factors (behaviors)
- Environment: Physical (geology, climate), Biologic (insects), and Socioeconomic (crowding, sanitation, health services)
Natural History of Disease
- Refers to the progress of a disease process in an individual over time without intervention
- Stages of disease:
- Pre-pathogenic phase or susceptibility stage
- Pathogenic phase:
- Incubation period
- Prodromal stage
- Stage of overt disease
- Stage of convalescence
Spectrum of Disease
- The idea that an exposure can lead to varying signs, symptoms, and severity of the same disease in a population
- Varying degrees of severity due to interactions of host, agent, and environmental factors
- Disease forms:
- Acute
- Chronic/insidious
- Carrier
Iceberg Phenomenon
- Cases of illness diagnosed by clinicians represent only the "tip of the iceberg"
- Many additional cases may be too early to diagnose or remain asymptomatic
- Risk of transmission by persons with in-apparent or undiagnosed infections
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
