Concentration of Functions and Knowledge in CIS Methods

In a CIS environment, the transaction trail may be fully in machine-readable form.

Absence of input documents is a system characteristic that may result from the nature of manual processing.

Lack of visible output is not a system characteristic that may result from the nature of CIS processing.

In a manual system, it is not normally possible to visually examine the results of processing.

Computers always provide more visible evidence than manual procedures.

In some on-line transaction systems, written evidence of individual data entry authorization is always replaced by authorization controls contained in computer programs.

Certain transactions or results of processing may always be printed in CIS environments.

In a manual system, it is not possible to follow a transaction through the system by examining source documents.

The nature of CIS processing may not allow data to be entered directly into the computer system without supporting documents.

Systems using manual procedures are always accessible by a larger number of persons compared to systems using computers.