Class 9 System Software: Fundamentals Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of using a spreadsheet in business?

To organize, analyze, and present data in a structured manner.

Differentiate between 'Bring forward' and 'send backward' option in the arrange group with an example.

The 'Bring forward' option moves an object to the front, while 'Send backward' moves it a step back in the layer order. For example, bringing a logo to the front on a presentation slide.

What is the difference between Physical Address and Logical Address in data communication?

Physical Address refers to the hardware address assigned to a device, while Logical Address is the address used by the network protocol.

Explain the properties of a good system.

A good system should be reliable, efficient, maintainable, and secure. Signup and view all the answers

Define 'topologies' in the context of computer networks.

Topologies refer to the physical or logical layout of a network, defining how devices are connected and how data is transmitted. Signup and view all the answers

Explain ISO's OSI Model or TCP/IP Model in detail with layers.

The OSI model has 7 layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application. The TCP/IP model has 4 layers: Network Interface, Internet, Transport, and Application. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between RAM and ROM?

RAM is volatile memory used for temporary storage, while ROM is non-volatile memory used for permanent storage. Signup and view all the answers

Define CPU and microprocessor and explain their major parts.

CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer responsible for processing instructions. The microprocessor is the main component of the CPU, containing the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), control unit, and registers. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between Application software and System software.

Application software is designed for specific tasks like word processing, while System software manages the hardware and provides a platform for applications to run. Signup and view all the answers

What are the major features of all generations of computers?

The major features of all computer generations include advancements in speed, size, storage capacity, and processing power. Signup and view all the answers

Define Electronic Era and explain the divisions in the Modern age.

The Electronic Era marked the introduction of electronic components in computers. The Modern age is divided into five generations based on technological advancements. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fundamentals of Computer

Language translation is the process of converting source code into machine code
Types of language translators: compiler, interpreter, assembler
Basic operation of a computer: input, processing, storage, output
RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile, temporary storage, whereas ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile, permanent storage
Hybrid computers combine analog and digital components, whereas digital computers use only binary digits
BUS is a communication pathway that allows data transfer between components
Types of buses: address bus, data bus, control bus

CPU and Microprocessor

CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions
Microprocessor is a CPU that contains the entire processing system on a single chip
Major parts of CPU and microprocessor: ALU, control unit, registers

Classification of Computers

By size: microcomputer, minicomputer, mainframe, supercomputer
By purpose: general-purpose, special-purpose, embedded system
By technology: mechanical, analog, digital, hybrid

Generations of Computers

Electronic Era has five generations: vacuum tube, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, artificial intelligence
Features of each generation: increased processing power, decreased size, improved performance

Motherboard Components

Three components present on a motherboard: CPU, RAM, ROM

Input/Output Devices

Input devices: keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone
Output devices: monitor, printer, plotter, speaker

System and Application Software

System software manages computer hardware and provides a platform for application software
Application software performs specific tasks, such as word processing or web browsing

Operating System

Functions of an operating system: process management, memory management, file management, input/output management
Interfaces: command-line interface, graphical user interface, touch interface
Types of operating systems: single-user, multi-user, single-tasking, multi-tasking

Office Automation

Arrange Group in the page layout tab is used to arrange objects on a page
Margins and paper size options in the page setup group control page layout
Steps for typing different languages: install language pack, configure keyboard settings, type in the desired language
Four ways to type Urdu and Sindhi on a computer: Unicode, InPage, Arabic typing, Sindhi typing

Data Communication and Computer Networks

Physical Address is the MAC address, whereas Logical Address is the IP address
Analog signal is continuous, whereas digital signal is discrete
Main components of a communication system: sender, receiver, channel, message
Data rate is the amount of data transferred, whereas Baud rate is the number of signal changes per second
Topologies: bus, star, ring, mesh
ISO's OSI Model: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, application
TCP/IP Model: network access, internet, transport, application

Computer Security and Ethics

Authentication mechanism: username and password, biometric, smart cards
Types of authentication mechanisms: single-factor, multi-factor, two-factor
Computer Crime: unauthorized access, data theft, cyberbullying
Hackers: individuals who gain unauthorized access to computers
Crackers: individuals who break into computer systems with malicious intent
Importance of computer security: protection of data, prevention of identity theft
Antivirus: software that detects and removes malware
Commonly used antiviruses: Norton, McAfee, Kaspersky

Web Development

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is used to create web pages
Steps to create a web page: plan content, design layout, write HTML code, test and debug
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is a web address
Web Hosting: storing website files on a server
Search Engine: software that searches and retrieves web pages
Www (World Wide Web) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents

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Description

Test your knowledge on language translation, computer operations, RAM vs ROM, hybrid vs digital computers, types of buses, CPU, and microprocessor parts. Perfect for students studying Chapter 01: Fundamental of Computer in Class 9.