Computer Science Chapter on Primary Storage

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of read-only memory (ROM) in a computer?

To store data and instructions for booting the computer (correct)

To increase the speed of data processing

To provide temporary storage for running applications

To allow users to modify and delete stored data

Which of the following statements about RAM is accurate?

RAM can be easily replaced with read-only memory for cost saving.

RAM is nonvolatile, retaining data when the power is turned off.

RAM is a major factor impacting the final cost of a computer. (correct)

RAM storage capacity for professionals in 2019 can only reach up to 4 GB.

What distinguishes erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) from programmable ROM (PROM)?

EPROM is inherently slower in data retrieval than PROM.

EPROM is used strictly for booting processes, while PROM is used for application storage.

EPROM allows data to be deleted and reprogrammed, whereas PROM cannot be modified after its initial programming. (correct)

EPROM can only be programmed once, while PROM can be reprogrammed multiple times.

Which of the following best describes secondary storage?

It retains data when the power is turned off and is more permanent than main memory. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of storage is classified as secondary storage?

Flash memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the control unit (CU) within the CPU?

To manage and coordinate all activities within the CPU Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory is classified as volatile and loses its data when the power is turned off?

Random-Access Memory (RAM) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of memory chips found in primary storage?

Random-Access Memory (RAM) and Read-Only Memory (ROM) Signup and view all the answers

When a computer is turned on, where is the data and instructions that the CPU processes immediately stored?

In primary storage (main memory) Signup and view all the answers

What role does RAM play in the processing of applications like word processors or spreadsheets?

It holds application programs temporarily while processing Signup and view all the answers

Why must data be loaded into RAM before it can be processed by the CPU?

RAM has a faster access speed compared to secondary storage Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Read-Only Memory (ROM)?

It retains data permanently even when powered off Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about primary storage is TRUE?

It is directly accessible by the CPU for processing tasks. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Primary Storage

Primary storage is directly accessible to the CPU and holds data and instructions being processed.
Also known as main memory or immediate access store (IMAS).
Located on the motherboard and consists of RAM and ROM chips.

Random-access memory (RAM)

Filled after a computer is turned on and given a task.
Holds data and instructions temporarily during processing.
Also holds processed data waiting to be output or stored in secondary storage.
Known as working memory.
Programs and data from secondary storage must be loaded into RAM before processing.
Volatile, meaning data is lost when power is turned off or the computer is rebooted.
Limited storage capacity, ranging from 4 GB to 32 GB in 2019.
Expensive and significantly affects the price of a computer.

Read-only memory (ROM)

Stores data and instructions needed for starting up the computer.
Commonly used for system level programs like BIOS.
May also hold translators for high-level languages and operating systems.
Instructions are fixed at manufacture and considered hard-wired.
Nonvolatile, data remains even when the power is off.
Crucial for initial startup as system memory is empty.
Variations include PROM and EPROM, offering some flexibility in data storage.

Secondary Storage

Also known as auxiliary or backup storage.
Used to store data and instructions when not being processed.
More permanent than main memory, data is retained after power off.
Cheaper and has unlimited storage capacity compared to primary storage.
Common devices include magnetic disks, optical disks, flash memory, USB drives, and magnetic tapes.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential concepts of primary storage in computer systems, including RAM and ROM. It explores their roles, characteristics, and importance in data processing. Test your knowledge on how primary storage interacts with the CPU and impacts computer performance.