Questions and Answers
What is a computer program?
A collection of instructions that performs a specific task when executed by a computer.
List 4 reasons a program might be developed: Programs can be developed for creative expression, to satisfy personal curiosity, to create new knowledge, or to solve __________.
problems
What is an iterative process?
The act of repeating a process to generate outcomes or to approach a desired goal.
What does debugging mean?
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What is program documentation?
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Incrementally adding tested program segments to correct, working programs helps create large correct programs.
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Consultation and communication with program users is an important aspect of program development to solve problems.
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A programmer __________, __________, __________, and __________ when solving problems.
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Collaboration is beneficial when developing a program.
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Program instructions are executed sequentially.
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Processes use memory, a central processing unit (CPU), and input and output.
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What is the basic difference between a procedure and a function?
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Procedures reduce the complexity of writing and maintaining programs.
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What is a parameter?
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Write functions with parameters to __________ a solution by allowing a function to be used instead of duplicated code.
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__________ provide different values as input to procedures when they are called in a program.
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What are Application Program Interfaces (APIs)?
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What is a list or array in computer science?
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What does Boolean refer to?
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What is a mathematical expression in computer science?
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What are logical operators in computer science?
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Study Notes
Computer Program
- A computer program consists of a set of instructions performing a specific task.
- Programs are essential for computers to function, executed by a central processing unit (CPU).
Reasons for Program Development
- Programs may be created for creative expression.
- They can satisfy personal curiosity or generate new knowledge.
- Programs often address specific problems for individuals, organizations, or society.
Iterative Process
- Iteration involves repeating a process to create various outcomes or to reach a specific goal.
- Each repetition is termed an "iteration" and builds upon the previous results.
Debugging
- Debugging is the process of identifying and eliminating errors in computer hardware or software.
Program Documentation
- Software documentation includes written or illustrated materials explaining software operation or usage.
- It serves different purposes for individuals in various roles within software engineering.
Development Principles
- Incrementally adding tested segments to existing programs does not necessarily lead to the correct development of larger programs.
- Regular consultation and communication with users are crucial for effective program problem-solving.
- Collaboration is advantageous in program development.
- Program instructions are executed in a sequential order.
- Processes utilize memory, a CPU, and handle input/output operations.
Function vs. Procedure
- Functions must return a value, while returning values for procedures is optional.
- Functions can accept only input parameters, whereas procedures can manage input/output parameters.
- Functions can be utilized within procedures, but procedures cannot be called from functions.
Benefits of Procedures
- Procedures help simplify writing and maintaining programs.
Parameters
- A parameter is a measurable factor defining a system's operation conditions.
Functions with Parameters
- Functions allow for generalized solutions by utilizing parameters instead of duplicating code.
Application Program Interfaces (APIs)
- APIs consist of routines and protocols essential for software application development.
- They define interactions between software components and are foundational for GUI programming.
Data Structures
- An array is a data structure housing elements identified by one or more indices.
- The position of array elements is calculable from their index using a mathematical formula.
Boolean Logic
- Boolean refers to algebraic notation for representing logical propositions in computing.
- It operates with two values: true and false.
Mathematical Expressions
- In programming, expressions are combinations of values, constants, variables, operators, and functions interpreted to produce another value.
Logical Operators
- Logic operations manipulate Boolean values and are fundamental in computer science, named after mathematician George Boole.
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Description
Explore key concepts of computer programming through these flashcards. Learn about what a computer program is and why programs are developed. Perfect for beginners looking to understand the basics of programming.
