Questions and Answers
Which routing protocol uses a composite metric that considers factors like bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability?
Which routing algorithm is known for its ability to adapt quickly to changes in network topology?
What is the maximum hop count allowed in RIP?
Which routing protocol is commonly used for inter-autonomous system routing?
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Which routing algorithm utilizes Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate the shortest path?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good routing algorithm?
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Which routing protocol utilizes link-state advertisements to build a network map?
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What is the main difference between RIP and IGRP?
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Study Notes
Routing Algorithms
Routing algorithms are used to determine the best path for forwarding packets in a computer network.
Types of Routing Algorithms
- Static Routing: Manual configuration of routing tables by network administrators.
- Dynamic Routing: Routers update their routing tables based on network topology changes.
Distance-Vector Routing Algorithms
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RIP (Routing Information Protocol):
- Uses hop count as the metric.
- Maximum hop count is 15.
- Updates routing tables every 30 seconds.
-
IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol):
- Uses a composite metric (bandwidth, delay, load, reliability).
- More complex than RIP.
Link-State Routing Algorithms
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OSPF (Open Shortest Path First):
- Uses link-state advertisements to build a topology map.
- Calculates the shortest path using Dijkstra's algorithm.
- Supports VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masks) and CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing).
-
IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System):
- Similar to OSPF, but used in ISO networks.
Hybrid Routing Algorithms
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EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol):
- Combines features of distance-vector and link-state protocols.
- Uses DUAL (Diffusing Update Algorithm) to calculate the shortest path.
Path Vector Routing Algorithms
-
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol):
- Used for inter-autonomous system routing.
- Uses AS (Autonomous System) numbers to identify networks.
- Supports CIDR and VLSM.
Routing Algorithm Characteristics
- Convergence time: The time it takes for the network to adapt to topology changes.
- Scalability: The ability of the algorithm to handle large networks.
- Complexity: The level of difficulty in implementing and managing the algorithm.
Routing Algorithms Overview
- Determine optimal paths for forwarding packets in computer networks.
Types of Routing Algorithms
- Static Routing: Involves manual configuration of routing tables by network administrators, providing stable routes.
- Dynamic Routing: Routers automatically update routing tables in response to changes in network topology.
Distance-Vector Routing Algorithms
-
RIP (Routing Information Protocol):
- Employs hop count as the routing metric.
- Maximum allowable hop count is 15, limiting network size.
- Updates its routing tables every 30 seconds to reflect changes.
-
IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol):
- Utilizes a composite metric that factors in bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability.
- More complex in comparison to RIP, catering to larger and varying network demands.
Link-State Routing Algorithms
-
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First):
- Builds a network topology map using link-state advertisements.
- Calculates shortest paths employing Dijkstra's algorithm.
- Supports VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masks) and CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) for efficient IP addressing.
-
IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System):
- Functions similarly to OSPF but is specifically designed for ISO networks.
Hybrid Routing Algorithms
-
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol):
- Merges elements from both distance-vector and link-state protocols.
- Utilizes DUAL (Diffusing Update Algorithm) for calculating the shortest path, enhancing efficiency and convergence.
Path Vector Routing Algorithms
-
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol):
- Facilitates routing amongst autonomous systems.
- Uses Autonomous System (AS) numbers to identify individual networks in large-scale implementations.
- Supports CIDR and VLSM for improved address space management.
Routing Algorithm Characteristics
- Convergence Time: Essential for measuring how quickly a routing algorithm adapts to changes in the network topology.
- Scalability: Refers to the algorithm's capacity to accommodate growth in network size and complexity.
- Complexity: Indicates the level of challenge in the implementation and operational management of the routing algorithm.
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Description
Learn about static and dynamic routing algorithms, including distance-vector routing algorithms like RIP, used to forward packets in computer networks.
