Routing Between Networks Quiz: Static Routing in Computer Networks

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to refer to the tree built by reverse path forwarding in routing?

A multicast tree for group 1

A network

A multicast tree for group 2

A sink tree (correct)

In multicast routing for group 1, what type of tree is commonly used?

A network

A spanning tree for the leftmost router

A multicast tree for group 1 (correct)

Anycast routes to group 1

What is the purpose of core-based trees in multicast routing?

Sending to group 1 (correct)

Building spanning trees for routers

Finding optimal paths in ad hoc networks

Anycast routes to group 1

Which term describes the method used for packet routing in mobile hosts?

Range of A’s broadcast (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of routing in ad hoc networks, what do the solid lines represent?

The solid lines show the discovered route (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary functionality of anycast routing?

Anycast routes to group 1 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one key difference between nonadaptive and adaptive routing algorithms?

Adaptive algorithms change routing decisions based on topology changes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the responsibility of the routing algorithm in the network layer?

Deciding which output line an incoming packet should be transmitted on (B) Signup and view all the answers

When does a routing decision need to be made for datagram networks?

For every arriving data packet (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of routing algorithms, what does static routing primarily focus on?

Clear routing choices without adapting to changes. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of session routing in virtual circuit networks?

The established route remains in force for the entire session (D) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the usefulness of static routing in a network?

A clear and well-defined routing choice. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are correctness, simplicity, robustness, stability, fairness, and efficiency desirable in routing algorithms?

To enhance the effectiveness and reliability of network operations (C) Signup and view all the answers

What information do dynamic routing algorithms utilize for making routing decisions?

Information from all routers in the network. (B) Signup and view all the answers

The optimality principle in routing algorithms states that:

If J is on the optimal path from I to K, then J is also on the optimal path from J to K. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In network design, why can fairness and efficiency be contradictory goals?

Efficiency sometimes sacrifices fair distribution of resources (A) Signup and view all the answers

In dynamic routing algorithms, what metric can be used for optimization besides distance?

Estimated transit time. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are routing algorithms classified based on their adaptability?

By their ability to adapt to changing network conditions (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Routing Algorithms

Nonadaptive algorithms do not base their routing decisions on any measurements or estimates of the current topology and traffic.
Nonadaptive algorithms compute the route in advance, offline, and download it to the routers when the network is booted.
This procedure is sometimes called static routing.
Static routing is mostly useful for situations in which the routing choice is clear.

Adaptive Algorithms

Adaptive algorithms change their routing decisions to reflect changes in the topology and traffic.
Adaptive algorithms differ in where they get their information, when they change the routes, and what metric is used for optimization.
Optimization metrics include distance, number of hops, or estimated transit time.

The Optimality Principle

The optimality principle states that if router J is on the optimal path from router I to router K, then the optimal path from J to K also falls along the same route.
The optimality principle was first described by Bellman in 1957.

Routing Algorithm Properties

Correctness, simplicity, robustness, stability, fairness, and efficiency are desirable properties in a routing algorithm.
Fairness and efficiency may sound obvious, but they are often contradictory goals.

Types of Routing

Hierarchical routing involves routing tables and normal operation is resumed after installation.
Broadcast routing uses reverse path forwarding.
Multicast routing involves building a tree for the group.
Anycast routing involves routing to a group of nodes.
Routing for mobile hosts involves packet routing.
Routing in ad hoc networks involves discovering routes and responding to failures.

Specialized Routing

Session routing involves making routing decisions only when a new virtual circuit is being set up.
Datagram networks make routing decisions anew for every arriving data packet.

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Description

This quiz covers the concept of nonadaptive algorithms known as static routing in computer networks. Learn about how routing decisions are computed in advance and downloaded to routers at boot, as well as the limitations and use cases of static routing.