Questions and Answers
What type of memory is volatile and temporary?
Secondary memory is less permanent than primary memory.
False
Name one example of secondary memory.
Hard Disk
The main types of primary memory are _____ and RAM.
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What are the two types of software mentioned?
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Match the following types of RAM with their descriptions:
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System software is installed after the computer is sold.
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What is one example of system software?
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System software is essential for the computer to __________ function.
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Match the following types of software with their characteristics:
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Study Notes
Input and Output
- Input involves receiving programs, data, and instructions by the computer.
- Output refers to the information or processed data sent from the computer.
Main Memory
- Main memory consists of ROM (Read-Only Memory) and RAM (Random Access Memory).
- RAM is volatile, meaning that data is lost when power is off.
- Secondary memory is more permanent compared to RAM.
- Types of RAM:
- Static RAM (SRAM)
- Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
- Double Data Rate RAM (DDR RAM)
- Examples of secondary memories include:
- Hard drives
- Flash memory
- Solid-state drives
- Floppy disks
- DVDs
- Magnetic tape (CDRW, CD-ROM, WORM)
Types of Software
- Two categories of software:
- System software, which includes the operating system and essential programs installed by manufacturers.
- Application software, which consists of programs designed for end-users.
Functions of the Operating System
- Maintains file systems, directories, folders, and subdirectories.
- Manages memory allocation and usage.
- Provides graphical user interfaces (GUI).
- Ensures host-level security, including user accounts and passwords.
- Maintains program integrity for multiple simultaneous applications.
Addressing Schemes
- Computers have a four-part numeric address known as Internet Protocol (IP) address.
- Each part of the four-part number ranges from 0 to 255 (e.g., 205.46.117.104).
- Domain Name System (DNS) translates domain names into numerical addresses.
Types of Browsers
- Point-and-click browsers utilize a graphical user interface (e.g., Netscape, Explorer, Chrome).
- Text-based browsers operate without a GUI (e.g., old UNIX browsers).
HTTP and URLs
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) specifies the format for internet addresses called URLs (Uniform Resource Locator).
- The World Wide Web (WWW) is built on rules governed by HTTP.
- HTTP and hypertext links form the foundation of the web.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of computer input and output systems. Understand how computers receive programs, data, and instructions while exploring the critical components that facilitate these processes. Perfect for students studying basic computer science.
