Computer Hardware: CPU, Motherboard and Memory
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Questions and Answers

A company is implementing a new system to better manage interactions with its customer base, track sales leads, and improve marketing campaign effectiveness. Which type of system would be most appropriate?

  • Decision Support System (DSS)
  • Supply Chain Management (SCM)
  • Customer Relationship Management (CRM) (correct)
  • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

An organization wants to integrate its finance, human resources, and manufacturing departments into a single, unified system. What type of system is best suited for this?

  • Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)
  • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) (correct)
  • Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
  • Supply Chain Management (SCM)

Which system is primarily focused on optimizing the flow of goods, information, and finances from suppliers to manufacturers to distributors?

  • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
  • Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
  • Supply Chain Management (SCM) (correct)
  • Business Intelligence (BI)

A manufacturing company is experiencing significant delays and increased costs due to inefficiencies in its supply chain. Which system implementation would directly address these issues?

<p>Implementing a new SCM system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A retail company wants to improve its understanding of customer behavior to tailor marketing campaigns more effectively and increase customer retention. Which system would be the most helpful?

<p>Customer Relationship Management (CRM) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios would be MOST affected by a computer having insufficient RAM?

<p>Experiencing slow performance when running multiple applications simultaneously. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A computer is turned off and then back on. Which type of memory retains its data throughout this process?

<p>Read-Only Memory (ROM) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A technician is troubleshooting a computer that cannot boot up. Which hardware component should the technician focus on FIRST?

<p>Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) chip (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A user wants to convert a paper document into an editable digital text file. Which input device is BEST suited for this task?

<p>Scanner (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following BEST describes the role of the motherboard in a computer system?

<p>To provide connectivity between the CPU and other hardware components. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A graphic designer needs a new computer. Their PRIMARY concern is being able to quickly load and manipulate very large image files. Which hardware upgrade would MOST directly address this need?

<p>Increasing the amount of Random Access Memory (RAM). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A computer has both an SSD and an HDD installed. The operating system and frequently used applications are installed on the SSD. What is the MOST likely reason for this configuration?

<p>To improve the computer's boot-up time and application loading speeds. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following input devices is LEAST likely to be used for gaming?

<p>Webcam (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system architecture is most prone to bottlenecks due to its single point of control?

<p>Centralized system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which system is data consistency most challenging to maintain across all nodes?

<p>Distributed system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of system is best suited for applications requiring high scalability and fault tolerance?

<p>Distributed system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the employee roles would primarily utilize a transaction processing system (TPS)?

<p>Front-line workers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A marketing manager deciding on a pricing strategy for a new product is dealing with what type of decision?

<p>Semi-structured decision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An organization's CEO deciding to enter a new international market is an example of what type of decision?

<p>Unstructured decision (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Management Information System (MIS)?

<p>To provide insights for internal decision-making and planning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system is specifically designed to support senior management in addressing high-level strategic issues?

<p>Executive Support System (ESS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of system is essential for capturing and managing data related to the daily business operations?

<p>Transaction Processing System (TPS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system is primarily focused on managing financial transactions and ensuring compliance with accounting standards?

<p>Accounting Information System (AIS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which decision support system is characterized by its use of interactive, ad-hoc support for complex, non-routine problems?

<p>Decision Support System (DSS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system type provides operational employees with essential tools for overseeing day to day activities?

<p>Transaction processing system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a structured decision?

<p>Decisions that are routine and repetitive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of choosing distributed systems over centralized systems?

<p>Improved Scalability and Reliability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Between centralized, decentralized and distributed architectures, which benefits from easier data consistency?

<p>Centralized (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is primarily responsible for translating data between the operating system and a printer?

<p>Device Driver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the role of system software?

<p>Managing and controlling computer hardware, providing essential services to applications. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of utility software?

<p>Antivirus Software (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a business requires software uniquely tailored to its operations, what type of software would be most appropriate?

<p>Custom Software (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer?

<p>To enable wired or wireless network connectivity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hardware component is most crucial for running modern AI algorithms, according to Huang's Law?

<p>GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Moore's Law primarily addresses the trend of what in the computing industry?

<p>Faster and cheaper computing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Huang's Law differ fundamentally from Moore's Law?

<p>Huang's Law highlights the advancements in GPU performance, specifically for AI, whereas Moore's Law concerns overall computing power. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best definition of 'software' in the context of IT?

<p>The collection of programs, data, and instructions that enable a computer to perform specific tasks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an operating system?

<p>Creating and editing images (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the most likely effect of advancements predicted by Huang's Law?

<p>Faster development and execution of AI algorithms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within a computer network, what defines the rules for how data is transmitted and received?

<p>Data Transmission Protocols (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a CPU cooler?

<p>Managing and maintaining the CPU's temperature. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which network category is determined by the physical arrangement of devices?

<p>Topology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a graphics card (GPU) play in a computer system?

<p>Rendering and processing graphics and images. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the key difference between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0?

<p>Web 1.0 was characterized by read-only content, while Web 2.0 enabled user-generated content and interaction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Web 3.0 enhance the user experience compared to Web 2.0?

<p>Web 3.0 introduces personalized and responsive experiences through semantic web technologies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Web 4.0, the 'Intelligent Web'?

<p>To create a more automated web environment through the Internet of Things (IoT). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cloud deployment model provides the highest level of security and control?

<p>Private Cloud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An organization needs to manage sensitive operations internally while using cloud resources to scale non-critical applications. Which cloud deployment model is most suitable?

<p>Hybrid Cloud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cloud-based systems?

<p>Increased capital investment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company wants to provide its employees with access to applications over the internet without managing the underlying infrastructure. Which cloud computing service model is the most appropriate?

<p>Software as a Service (SaaS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What benefit does Platform as a Service (PaaS) offer to developers?

<p>A platform to develop, run, and manage applications without managing infrastructure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cloud computing service model offers the highest level of flexibility and control over IT resources?

<p>Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a centralized system, where is data primarily managed and stored?

<p>Within a single, central location (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios is best suited for a decentralized system?

<p>Distributing computational tasks across multiple independent nodes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of a distributed system over a centralized system?

<p>Greater fault tolerance and resilience. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do decentralized systems improve data security compared to centralized systems?

<p>By distributing data across multiple locations, reducing the impact of a single point of failure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which setup would ensure high availability and resilience in a system?

<p>Distributing operations across multiple servers in different geographic locations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which configuration is most suitable when needing to process large datasets and perform complex analysis across multiple machines simultaneously?

<p>Distributed System (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which network topology ensures high redundancy and performance due to every node being directly connected to each other?

<p>Fully Connected Topology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a network using the ring topology, what happens to data as it travels from source to the intended destination?

<p>Data passes through each device sequentially until it reaches its destination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of terminators in a bus topology?

<p>To prevent signal reflections and absorb signals at the end of the cable. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate description of the Internet's structure?

<p>A global network of interconnected networks that communicate using standard protocols. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a router in the context of internet data transmission?

<p>To read IP addresses and forward data packets toward their destination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is responsible for verifying that all data packets have been received and correctly reassembled at their destination?

<p>Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the Internet designed as a 'network of networks'?

<p>To ensure high robustness and resilience by rerouting traffic around failures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of peering in the context of Internet Service Providers (ISPs)?

<p>Exchanging traffic directly between their networks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a private network from a public network?

<p>Private networks are exclusive to a single entity, offering more control and security. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in connecting users to the Internet?

<p>They maintain network infrastructure and interconnections to facilitate data flow to the global network. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the function of the Internet Protocol (IP)?

<p>Identifying the source and destination of data packets. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a Wide Area Network (WAN)?

<p>A network that spans larger geographic areas, often interconnecting multiple smaller networks. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the star network topology?

<p>All devices connect to a central node. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does data transmission in a ring topology differ from that in a star topology?

<p>In a ring topology, data travels in one direction around the ring, while in a star topology, all data passes through a central node. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a data transmission protocol?

<p>Ethernet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

CRM definition

Managing customer interactions and data to improve business relationships and sales.

What are CRM systems?

Systems that manage and analyze customer interactions and data throughout the customer lifecycle.

ERP definition

Integrating various business functions (finance, HR) into a unified system.

What are ERP systems?

Systems that integrate various business functions into a unified system, enhancing information flow and decision-making.

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SCM definition

Managing the flow of goods, information, and finances from suppliers to end customers.

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CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The computer's 'brain'; executes instructions and coordinates hardware.

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Motherboard

Houses the CPU and provides connections for other hardware.

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RAM (Random Access Memory)

Volatile memory for temporary data the CPU is actively using.

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ROM (Read-Only Memory)

Non-volatile memory that stores permanent, essential data for booting.

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Secondary Storage

Stores data long-term, even when the computer is off.

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Input Devices

Devices that put data INTO the computer.

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Output Devices

Allow users to see the computer's output visually.

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Power Supply

Supplies electricity to the entire computer system.

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Web 1.0

Static, read-only websites with minimal interactivity.

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Web 2.0

Dynamic, user-generated content and social interaction.

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Web 3.0

Semantic web; systems understand and process data intelligently.

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Web 4.0

Intelligent web integrating IoT for immersive experiences.

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Cloud Computing

Shared resources via the Internet.

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Private Cloud

Cloud infrastructure dedicated to a single organization.

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Public Cloud

Services hosted offsite and shared across multiple organizations.

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Hybrid Cloud

Combination of private and public clouds.

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SaaS

Applications delivered over the internet.

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Centralized System

All processing is done by a single server.

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PaaS

Platform for developing, running, and managing applications.

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IaaS

On-demand compute, storage, and networking resources.

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Decentralized System

Processing is distributed among independent units.

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Distributed System

Processing spread across geographically dispersed nodes.

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Universal Access

Data is available from anywhere with an internet connection.

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Cloud Scalability

Expanded or contracted based on changing organizational needs.

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Front-Line Workers

Employees overseeing daily operations.

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Centralized System

A system where all components are connected to a central node or server.

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Management

Decision-makers developing action plans.

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Executives

Individuals overseeing strategic direction.

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Decentralized System

A system where processing and data management are spread across multiple nodes, without a central authority.

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Structured Decisions

Repetitive, daily routine decisions.

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Semi-Structured Decisions

Decisions with structured and unstructured elements.

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Unstructured Decisions

Decisions requiring judgment with no set rules.

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Transaction Processing System (TPS)

Systems for capturing daily transactions.

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Management Information System (MIS)

Systems providing insights into internal operations.

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Decision Support System (DSS)

Systems to address complex, non-routine problems.

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Executive Support System (ESS)

A specialized DSS for top-level executives.

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Accounting Information Systems (AIS)

Systems managing financial transactions and data.

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Accurate Records

Ensures seamless daily operations.

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Network Interface Card (NIC)

Hardware that enables wired and wireless network connections for IT components.

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Sound Card

Hardware component that enhances audio capabilities of a computer.

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CPU Cooler

A component that lowers the temperature of the CPU.

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Graphics Card (GPU)

Hardware responsible for rendering images, video, and other things visually on a computer.

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Moore’s Law

Computing power doubles roughly every two years for the same price.

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Huang's Law

GPU performance doubles every year, leading advances in AI.

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Software

The programs, data, and instructions that tell a computer what to do.

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System Software

Type of software that provides foundational services for a computer to operate.

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Operating System (OS)

Core software that manages computer hardware and provides essential services. Examples: Windows, MacOS, Linux.

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Device Drivers

Software components that allow the OS to communicate with hardware.

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Utility Software

Programs designed for maintenance or administrative tasks, like antivirus or disk cleanup.

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Application Software

Software designed to address particular user needs.

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Productivity Software

Software designed to help users perform tasks.

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Network

A system of interconnected devices that can communicate and share resources.

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Public and Private Ownership of Networks

Networks owned and controlled by different entities for various purposes.

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Public Networks

Networks owned by service providers like Rogers or Bell, offering infrastructure to many users.

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Private Networks

Networks exclusive to a single organization, providing enhanced control and security.

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Local Area Network (LAN)

Connects computers in a small area (e.g., office, home) for sharing resources.

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Wide Area Network (WAN)

Spans large geographical areas by connecting multiple smaller networks.

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Data Transmission Protocols

Rules that govern how data is transmitted reliably between devices.

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Network Topology

The physical or logical layout of a network's interconnected devices.

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Ring Topology

Each device is connected to exactly two other devices, forming a closed loop.

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Star Topology

All devices connect to a central node (hub, switch) through which data passes.

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Line Topology

All devices are connected along a single cable with two endpoints.

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Bus Topology

All devices connect to a central cable (backbone), and data travels until it reaches its destination.

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Mesh Topology

Devices are extensively interconnected, offering multiple paths for data.

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Tree Topology

Variation of star, with a root node connected to other nodes in a hierarchy.

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Fully Connected Topology

Every network node connects directly to every other node.

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Packets

Small units of data containing the information being sent and metadata for reassembly.

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IP Address

A unique identifier assigned to each device connected to the Internet.

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Study Notes

  • The central processing unit (CPU) is the computer's "brain," executing instructions.
  • The motherboard houses the CPU, providing connectivity to all components.

Primary Storage (Main Memory)

  • Includes random-access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM).
  • RAM is volatile; it loses data when power is off, serving as temporary working memory.
  • When apps/files are opened, data is loaded into RAM for fast access, improving responsiveness and multitasking.
  • More RAM leads to smoother multitasking ability.
  • ROM is non-volatile, retaining data when the computer is off.
  • ROM stores the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) for hardware initialization and testing during startup.

Secondary Storage

  • Devices include hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and optical drives (DVDs) for long-term data storage.

Input Devices

  • Keyboards were initially used for data entry, then mice became standard with GUIs.
  • Touchscreens are increasingly common.
  • Scanners convert physical documents to digital form.
  • Microphones enable audio recording/voice commands.
  • Webcams support video recording and conferencing.

Output Devices

  • Computer monitors visually display the computer's status.
  • Speakers output sound.
  • Printers produce physical documents.

Essential Hardware Components

  • The power supply provides electrical power.
  • The computer case/chassis protects internal components.
  • Network interface cards (NICs), including Wi-Fi cards, enable network connectivity.
  • Sound cards enhance audio capabilities.
  • CPU coolers manage the CPU's temperature.
  • Graphics cards (GPUs) render and process graphics, crucial for gaming and design.

Moore's Law

  • Computing power doubles every two years for the same price, or the price halves for the same power.
  • It has been a driving force in the computer industry.
  • Physical limitations are making this law less absolute.

Huang's Law

  • GPU performance for AI is more than doubling annually.
  • This represents a shift from general-purpose to specialized computing.

Software Categories

  • Software is the programs, data, and instructions that allow a computer to perform specific tasks.
  • System software provides foundational functions, acting as an intermediary between hardware and applications.
  • Operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux, Android) manage hardware and provide services.
  • Device drivers enable OS communication with hardware (printers, graphics cards).
  • Utility software performs maintenance tasks (antivirus, disk cleanup).
  • Application software performs specific tasks for end-users.

Application Software Types

  • Productivity software includes word processors (Microsoft Word) and spreadsheets (Microsoft Excel).
  • Internet and web browsers include Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and email software.
  • Multimedia software edits images, audio, and video (Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Premiere Pro).
  • Entertainment software includes video games
  • Database software manages databases (Microsoft Access, Oracle Database).
  • Graphics software includes tools for design and 3D modeling (Adobe Illustrator, AutoCAD).
  • Custom software is tailored to specific organizational needs.

Network Fundamentals

  • A network consists of two or more devices that enable communication and sharing.
  • Networks can be categorized by ownership, geographical scope, transmission protocols, and topology.

Network Ownership: Public vs. Private

  • Public networks are owned by service providers (Rogers, Bell).
  • Private networks are exclusive to a single entity.

Geographical Scope: LAN vs. WAN

  • Local Area Networks (LANs) connect devices in close proximity.
  • Wide Area Networks (WANs) span larger geographic areas; the Internet is an example.

Data Transmission Protocols

  • Protocols govern how data is reliably transmitted between devices.
  • Examples include Ethernet, Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11), and Internet Protocol (IP).

Network Topology

  • the physcial arrangement of connections in a network
  • common types are ring, star, line, bus, mesh, tree and fully connected

Common Topologies

  • In a ring network, each device connects to two others in a closed loop, with data traveling in one direction.
  • In a star network, all devices connect to a central node (hub/switch), passing data through it.
  • In a line topology, all devices are connected to a single communication line or cable that has two endpoints.
  • The bus topology connects devices via a central cable, with terminators at each end to prevent signal bounce.
  • In a mesh topology, devices are extensively interconnected for fault tolerance.
  • The tree topology is a star variation with a root node connected to others hierarchically.
  • A fully connected topology extensively links all network nodes directly to one another.

Internet Operations

  • The Internet is a global network of networks using Internet Protocol (IP).
  • Information is divided into packets containing data and reassembly metadata.
  • Each device has a unique IP address for data packet routing.
  • Routers use routing protocols to determine the best data path.
  • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ensures reliable packet delivery, reassembly, and retransmission of lost packets.
  • Data travels across various technologies (routers, switches, LANs, MANs, WANs).
  • Internet Service Providers (ISPs) connect users to the Internet and maintain network infrastructure.
  • Peering is the exchange of traffic between ISPs for efficient data flow.
  • The Internet's design ensures robustness and rerouting around failures.

Evolution of the Internet

  • Shows technological advancement and changing user interaction.

Web 1.0: The Static Web (1990s)

  • Websites were static, informational, and read-only, acting as "digital brochures."
  • Website creation required technical skills (HTML, server setup).

Web 2.0: The Social Web (2000-2010)

  • Shift to dynamic, user-generated content, and interactive platforms (Facebook, Twitter, YouTube).
  • Social media democratized content creation.

Web 3.0: The Semantic Web (Post-2010)

  • More interactive, intelligent web with systems processing data in sophisticated ways.
  • Personalized search, advertising, and AI-driven recommendations exist.
  • Web 3.0 provides "read, write, and execute" functionalities.

Web 4.0: The Intelligent Web (Future)

  • Integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) for immersive, automated experiences.
  • Everyday objects connect to the internet and communicate intelligently.

Cloud Computing

  • Shared resources (processing, storage, software) are provided via the Internet.

Cloud Deployment Models

Private Cloud

  • Dedicated to one organization, offering security and control.

Public Cloud

  • Hosted offsite and shared across multiple organizations.
  • It is cost-effective and scalable.

Hybrid Cloud

  • Uses both private and public clouds.
  • Sensitive operations can be managed privately while scaling with the public cloud.

Benefits of Cloud-Based Systems

  • Universal access from anywhere with internet.
  • Reduced maintenance costs.
  • Scalability to adjust to changing needs.
  • Outsourced data management with expert providers.
  • Seamless integration across units and locations.
  • Rapid service delivery.

Cloud Computing Service Models

Software as a Service (SaaS)

  • Delivers applications over the internet, accessible via a web browser.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

  • Provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

  • Offers compute, storage, and networking resources on demand on pay-as-you-go basis.

System Configurations

  • Centralized, decentralized, and distributed systems are fundamental configurations in network design.

Centralized Systems

  • All data processing and storage are handled by a single central server.
  • Easier to manage, but prone to bottlenecks and single points of failure.

Decentralized Systems

  • Distribute data processing among multiple independent units.
  • Enhances reliability.
  • Complex management requirements exist.

Distributed Systems

  • Spread data processing tasks across multiple geographically dispersed nodes.
  • Ensures high availability and fault tolerance.
  • Requires complex algorithms for synchronization and consistency.

System configuration Comparison

  • Centralized is easier to control, while decentralized/distributed offer fault tolerance.
  • Centralized struggles with scalability; decentralized/distributed are scalable.
  • Data consistency is straightforward in centralized but challenging in the others.

Decision-Making Levels

Front-Line Workers

  • Oversee daily operations (restocking, credit limits).
  • They engage in structured decisions that are repetitive.

Management

  • Develop action plans and solve problems using operational output.
  • They focus on semi-structured decisions that need creativity and judgment

Executives/Senior Management

  • Oversee strategic direction and develop business strategies.
  • They make unstructured decisions requiring judgment.

Information Systems Types

  • Organizations depend on various systems to achieve their goals including: Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS).

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

  • Used by workers and supervisors, captures and manages data related to daily business which ensures seamless daily operations.

Management Information System (MIS)

  • It is designed for management personnel to provide crucial insights into internal operations
  • Presents relevant data from internal systems to support decision-making.

Decision Support System (DSS)

  • Used by senior management.
  • Addresses complex, non-routine problems.
  • Utilizes data from TPS, MIS, and external systems.
  • Executive Support System (ESS) is a subset for top-level executives.

Specialized Systems

  • Enhance operations and strategic management.

Accounting Information Systems (AIS)

  • Manage financial transactions, generate financial statements, and ensure compliance.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

  • Manage customer interactions and data to enhance business relationships.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

  • Integrates business functions (finance, HR) into a unified system.

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

  • Manages the flow of goods, information, and finances for supply chain optimization.

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Description

Explanation of the central processing unit (CPU) and its role. Primary storage (RAM and ROM) and secondary storage (HDD and SSD) are explored. Input devices like keyboards, mice and touchscreens are introduced.

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