Computer Hardware Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of operating systems in computers?

  • To manage hardware and create a user interface (correct)
  • To store data on removable media
  • To provide cybersecurity measures
  • To increase internet speed

    • Which of the following storage units is equivalent to one billion bytes?

  • Terabyte (TB)
  • Megabyte (MB)
  • Gigabyte (GB) (correct)
  • Kilobyte (KB)

    • What type of software includes Microsoft Office and helps users complete job duties efficiently?

  • Application software (correct)
  • Utility software
  • Operating software
  • Enterprise software

    • What is a common function of utility software?

    <p>Fixing or modifying the computer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of application software?

    <p>Data storage software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Enterprise Resource Applications (ERP)?

    <p>Supports functions across the entire enterprise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does increasing storage size and speed on a computer primarily affect?

    <p>How efficient the computer can perform tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest unit of storage mentioned, which contains one thousand bytes?

    <p>Kilobyte (KB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main advantages of cloud computing?

    <p>No software to install or upgrade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Customer Relationship Management (CRM)?

    <p>Personalizes the relationship with customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common drawback of open-source software?

    <p>Increased risk of security attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of all e-commerce traffic is mobile commerce?

    <p>72.9%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Supply Chain Management (SCM) primarily manage?

    <p>Links between suppliers, manufacturing, and distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE about closed-source software?

    <p>It usually comes with technical support from the developer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant concern when relying on cloud computing services?

    <p>Data is stored on external servers, raising safety concerns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following devices is an example of the Internet of Things (IoT)?

    <p>Fitness tracker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of an information system is primarily responsible for executing commands and processing data?

    <p>Central Processing Unit (CPU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of open source software?

    <p>Its source code is available for modification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function performed by hardware components in an information system?

    <p>Software development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does cloud computing provide over traditional storage methods?

    <p>Less dependency on local hardware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of memory is known to be temporary and gets cleared when the computer is powered off?

    <p>Random-Access Memory (RAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a computing device, what is the primary purpose of input devices?

    <p>To allow user interaction and data entry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the function of storage devices in a computer?

    <p>They provide a means for long-term data retention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connection allows devices to communicate wirelessly within a limited distance?

    <p>Bluetooth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hardware Components

    • Hardware is the physical part of computing devices.
    • Examples include:
      • Desktop computers
      • Laptops
      • Tablets
      • E-readers
      • Storage devices like USB drives
      • Input devices like keyboards, mice, scanners, or styluses
      • Output devices like printers and speakers
    • Ports allow devices for input and output to connect to the motherboard.
    • Wireless connections:
      • Bluetooth: Connects within 10-100 meters and requires a Bluetooth chip for each device to be paired.
      • Wi-Fi: Connects devices to each other and the internet, and communicates through the local Wi-Fi network.
    • Internal Components:
      • Motherboard: The main circuit board that holds the CPU, memory, and storage components.
      • CPU (Central Processing Unit): Carries out commands sent by the software and returns results. Speed is measured in hertz.
      • Memory (RAM): Temporary working area for faster application loading and execution. It's cleared when the computer is powered off. Higher RAM means faster processing.
    • Storage:
      • Hard Disk (HD): Long-term, permanent data storage on spinning disks.
      • Solid State Drive (SSD): Lighter and faster than HDDs, without moving parts.
      • Removable Media: USB drives that can be connected and removed for use on different computers.
      • Storage capacity: Measured in bytes, with bigger and faster storage being better.
    • Storage Measurement in Bytes:
      • Eight bits equal one byte.
      • Binary prefixes:
        • Kilobyte (KB) - One thousand bytes.
        • Megabyte (MB) - One million bytes.
        • Gigabyte (GB) - One billion bytes.
        • Terabyte (TB) - One trillion bytes.

    Software

    • Software is a set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do.
    • Two primary types:
      • Operating Systems: manage the hardware and provide user interface components.
      • Application Software: allows users to accomplish specific tasks.
    • Operating Systems:
      • Manage hardware.
      • Provide user interface components.
      • Provide a platform for software developers to create applications.
      • Examples: Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS, and Linux.
    • Application Software Categories:
      • Productivity software - Helps employees complete work efficiently (e.g., Microsoft Office).
      • Utility software - Fixes or modifies computer functions (e.g., antivirus software).
      • Programming software - Helps create more software (e.g., coding, testing).
      • Enterprise Application Software - Systems for enterprise-wide functions (e.g., ERP, CRM, SCM).

    Enterprise Application Software

    • Enterprise Resource Applications (ERP):
      • Provides a common application for enterprise-wide functions.
      • Supports various departments: accounting, finance, HR, etc.
      • May include subsidiaries like accounts payable, accounts receivable.
      • Integrates best business practices for an enterprise.
      • Example: SAP.
    • Customer Relationship Management (CRM): Manages customer interactions and relationships to personalize customer experiences (e.g., Salesforce).
    • Supply Chain Management (SCM): Manages an organization's links with suppliers, manufacturing facilities & distributors.
    • ERP may include CRM and SCM functionalities.

    Cloud Computing

    • Internet-based applications, services, and data storage (e.g., email, Google Drive).
    • Advantages:
      • No software installation or upgrades required.
      • Available with internet access.
      • Less risk of data loss due to hard drive crashes.
      • Quick access to new apps.
    • Disadvantages:
      • Data stored on someone else's computer, raising security concerns.
      • Requires internet access.
      • Reliance on external providers for services.

    Open Source Software

    • Open Source Software: Code is shared publicly and can be modified by anyone.
      • Benefits:
        • Code is reviewed prior to installation, increasing security.
        • Large programmer groups can contribute to bug fixes and feature additions.
        • Available for free.
      • Risks:
        • Increased risk of attacks due to publicly available code.
      • Examples: Firefox browser, Linux operating system.
    • Closed-Source Software: Code is proprietary and controlled by the developing company.
      • Includes dedicated technical support by the developer.
      • Large dedicated teams enhance the product.
    • Smartphones: Mobile usage is increasing, with 72.9% of e-commerce traffic originating from mobile devices.
    • Internet of Things (IoT): A network of billions of devices collecting data to perform automated tasks.
      • Examples: Fitness trackers, garage door openers, smart refrigerators, thermostats, home security systems, medical devices.

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    Related Documents

    Module 4 - Infrastructure Student.pptx

    Description

    Explore the fundamental hardware components of computing devices, including desktops, laptops, and input/output devices. Understand the roles of internal components like the motherboard, CPU, and RAM. This quiz covers various connection types, including Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.

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