Module 4 - Infrastructure Student.pptx

Module 4 Infrastructure: Hardware & Software  Learning Objectives Describe information systems hardware and the functions they perform; Define the term software and the primary categories of software Describe the role Enterprise and ERP software plays in an organization Descri...

Module 4 Infrastructure: Hardware & Software  Learning Objectives Describe information systems hardware and the functions they perform; Define the term software and the primary categories of software Describe the role Enterprise and ERP software plays in an organization Describe cloud computing and its advantages and disadvantages Define open source and identify its primary characteristics Describe Information Systems emerging trends Information System Components (from Module 1) Five components of Information Systems: This Module 1.Hardware 2.Software 3.Data 4.People 5.Process  Hardware Components Hardware: Digital devices that you can Digital touch;devices that the physical parts of a computing you can touch; the deviceparts of a physical computing device – Desktop computers – Laptop computers – Mobile phones – Tablets – E-readers – Storage devices such as USB drives – Input devices such as keyboard, mouse, scanners, or stylus – Output devices such as printers and speakers  Hardware: Input/Output What are some digital Input devices? What are some digital Output devices? *See Notes  Hardware: Input/Output Ports – allow the addition of devices for input and output to connect to the motherboard (ie USB, HDMI) Wireless Bluetooth – connects devices to each other; -within 10-100 meters, -each device must have a Blue tooth chip and be ‘paired’ WIFI – connects devices to each other and the internet, -communicates through the local WIFI network.  Hardware: Internal Components The Mother board - is the main circuit board that holds the CPU, memory, and storage components; everything connects to it. CPU (central processing unit) – carries out the commands sent to it by the software and returns results. Speed measured in hertz. – CPU chip can have more than one processor, ie quad-core, Core i9 has 16 cores. This increases speed. Memory – temporary working area called random-access memory (RAM) – Applications are loaded into RAM to run faster – When computer is powered off, the RAM is cleared – Bigger RAM is faster  Hardware: Storage Hard disk (HD)– longer, permanent storage of data, disk spins Solid State drive (SSD) – Lighter and faster than HD; no moving parts. Removable media – USB drives that can be connected and removed for use on a different computer Bigger (more bytes) and faster is best  Storage Measured in Bytes Digital devices process electronic signals in 1’s and 0’s called bits. This is called Binary Eight bits = 1 byte Binary prefixes Kilobyte (KB) One thousand bytes Megabyte (MB) One million bytes Gigabyte (GB) One billion bytes Terabyte (TB) One trillion bytes Hardware: How can I make my computer fast? Increase what? ?? SPEE D  Software Software is the set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do Two main types of software: 1. Operating Systems 2. Application Software – Productivity software – Utility software – Programming software – Applications for the Enterprise (ERP) Software: Operating Systems All devices have an operating system which manages the hardware Creates the interface between the hardware and the user Key Functions: – Manage the hardware – Provide the user-interface components – Provide a platform for software developers to write applications Examples: Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS, and Linux  Software: Application Software Software that allows users to accomplish some goal or purpose Three Categories: 1. Productivity software helps employees complete their job duties efficiently, ie. Microsoft Office  Software: Application Software Three Categories(continued): 2. Utility software - fix or modify your computer, ie. antivirus software 3. Programming software helps makes more software Programmers can code, test, and convert into a format the computer will understand Usually free from the company that developed the programming language Software: Application Software 4. Enterprise Application Software Enterprise Resource Applications (ERP) Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Supply Chain Management (SCM) Mobile Applications  Software: Enterprise Application Software Enterprise Resource Applications (ERP) provide a common application that supports functions across the entire enterprise for the company’s employees – Can contain the general ledger and its subsidiary such as accounts payable, accounts receivables, etc. – Builds in best business practices for an enterprise SAP is the most popular ERP  Software: Enterprise Application Software Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Manages an organization’s customers Personalize your relationship with the customer Example: Salesforce Supply Chain Management (SCM) manages an organization’s links between its suppliers, its manufacturing facilities, and its distributors Org. Suppliers Manufacturi Distributors ng Facilities ERP may include CRM & SCM  Cloud Computing Internet-based applications, services, and data storage Ie Email, Google Drive Advantages: – No software to install or upgrade – If you have Internet access, you can always use it – Don’t have to worry about losing it if hard drive crashes – Quick access to new apps  Cloud Computing Disadvantages: – Your information is stored on someone else’s computer – how safe is it? – Internet access is required – Relying on someone else to provide these services  Open Source Software vs. Closed Source Software Open-Source Software: – Code is shared with everyone to use & add features or fix bugs – Large programmer groups can fix bugs and add feature – Software is available for free – Source code can be reviewed prior to installing – May increase risk of attack as everyone knows how your software works Examples: Firefox browser and Linux operating system Closed-Source Software: – Company that developed the software provides technical support – Employs large number of programmers to enhance the product  Information Systems Emerging Trends Smartphones- mobile use climbing; mobile commerce is 72.9%* of all e- commerce traffic Internet of Things – Network of billions of devices collecting data – fitness trackers, – app to close the garage door, – refrigerator grocery list, – thermostats, – home security, – medical devices ie. pacemaker/defibrillator)  Summary Describe information systems hardware and the functions they perform; Define the term software and the primary categories of software Describe the role Enterprise and ERP software plays in an organization Describe cloud computing and its advantages and disadvantages Define open source and identify its primary characteristics Describe Information Systems emerging trends Quick Review – True or False The printer is a hardware input device. A circuit board known as the motherboard holds the CPU. A solid state drive (SSD) is lighter and faster than a hard drive and it has no moving parts. Productivity software creates the interface between the hardware and the user. An example of utility software is Google sheets. Quick Review – True or False Enterprise Resource Applications (ERP) provide a common application that supports functions across the entire enterprise for the company’s employees. Email is a cloud based service. Internet access is not required for cloud computing. Google Maps is an example of open-source Software. The Internet of Things is a network of billions of devices collecting data.