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Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of acquiring ICT skills?
To stay updated with the latest software and applications (apps)
What are the two main parts of a computer system?
Hardware and Software
What is the function of the Operating System (OS) in a computer?
To display the desktop on the monitor and start the computer
What is the role of BIOS in a computer?
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What is the purpose of logging in to a computer with a login-ID and password?
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What are some examples of commonly used operating systems for laptops and desktops?
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How do you shut down a Windows computer?
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What is the function of the ENTER or RETURN key on a keyboard?
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What are navigation keys used for on a keyboard?
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What is the purpose of the Windows key on a keyboard?
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What is the difference between clicking and double-clicking a file?
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What is the purpose of a folder in a computer?
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Study Notes
ICT Skills and Importance
- ICT skills are essential for effective communication, running businesses, and staying connected with family and friends.
- It's necessary to acquire and build ICT skills to stay updated with the latest software and applications.
Computer Hardware and Software
- A computer system consists of two main parts: Hardware and Software.
- Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer, such as the keyboard, monitor, and CPU.
- Software refers to the intangible parts that make the hardware work, including operating systems and applications like Windows and MS Office.
Operating System (OS)
- An OS is the software that starts working as soon as a computer is switched on.
- It displays the desktop on the monitor and is essential for a computer to function.
- Commonly used OS for laptops and desktops include Ubuntu, Microsoft Windows, and Mac OS.
Starting a Computer
- To start a computer, press the Power button on the CPU.
- The computer will automatically run a basic program called BIOS (Basic Input/Output System).
- The BIOS performs a self-test and loads the OS if the system is fine.
Login and Logout
- To login to a computer, enter your login-ID and password.
- The computer recognizes authorized users and allows them to work on applications.
Shutting Down a Computer
- To shut down a Windows computer, click the Start button and then click Shut Down.
- The OS will close all applications and turn off the computer.
Using the Keyboard
- A keyboard is an input device used to type text, numbers, and commands into the computer.
- The keyboard has various keys, including:
- Function keys (F1-F12)
- Control keys (e.g., CTRL, SHIFT, SPACEBAR, ALT, CAPS LOCK, and TAB)
- Enter key (or RETURN)
- Punctuation keys (e.g., colon, semicolon, question mark, single and double quotation marks)
- Navigation keys (e.g., arrow keys, HOME, END, PAGE UP, and PAGE DOWN)
- Command keys (e.g., INSERT, DELETE, and BACKSPACE)
- Windows key (opens the Start menu)
Using a Mouse
- A mouse is a small device used to move, select, and open items on the computer screen.
- Mouse actions include:
- Roll over or hover (shows details of a file in File Explorer)
- Point and click (selects a file)
- Drag and drop (moves an item to a new location)
- Double-click (opens a file)
File Operations
- Files and folders are used to store information on a computer.
- Each file has a file name and a file name extension that identifies the file type (e.g., .txt, .jpg, .mp3).
- Folders are locations where a group of files can be stored.
Basic Shortcuts
- CTRL+z: undo
- CTRL+y: redo
- CTRL+a: select all
- CTRL+... (more shortcuts available)
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Description
Understanding the fundamental components of a computer system, including hardware and software, and their role in ICT skills development.
