Computer Hardware and Software Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of acquiring ICT skills?

To stay updated with the latest software and applications (apps)

What are the two main parts of a computer system?

Hardware and Software

What is the function of the Operating System (OS) in a computer?

To display the desktop on the monitor and start the computer

What is the role of BIOS in a computer?

<p>To perform a self-test and load the Operating System</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of logging in to a computer with a login-ID and password?

<p>To authenticate the user as an authorized person</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of commonly used operating systems for laptops and desktops?

<p>Ubuntu, Microsoft Windows, and Mac OS</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you shut down a Windows computer?

<p>By clicking the Star button at the bottom left corner and then clicking Shut Down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ENTER or RETURN key on a keyboard?

<p>To move the cursor to the beginning of a new line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are navigation keys used for on a keyboard?

<p>To navigate through a document or screen, such as moving the cursor up or down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Windows key on a keyboard?

<p>To open the Start menu.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between clicking and double-clicking a file?

<p>Clicking a file selects it, while double-clicking a file opens it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a folder in a computer?

<p>To store a group of files.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

ICT Skills and Importance

  • ICT skills are essential for effective communication, running businesses, and staying connected with family and friends.
  • It's necessary to acquire and build ICT skills to stay updated with the latest software and applications.

Computer Hardware and Software

  • A computer system consists of two main parts: Hardware and Software.
  • Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer, such as the keyboard, monitor, and CPU.
  • Software refers to the intangible parts that make the hardware work, including operating systems and applications like Windows and MS Office.

Operating System (OS)

  • An OS is the software that starts working as soon as a computer is switched on.
  • It displays the desktop on the monitor and is essential for a computer to function.
  • Commonly used OS for laptops and desktops include Ubuntu, Microsoft Windows, and Mac OS.

Starting a Computer

  • To start a computer, press the Power button on the CPU.
  • The computer will automatically run a basic program called BIOS (Basic Input/Output System).
  • The BIOS performs a self-test and loads the OS if the system is fine.

Login and Logout

  • To login to a computer, enter your login-ID and password.
  • The computer recognizes authorized users and allows them to work on applications.

Shutting Down a Computer

  • To shut down a Windows computer, click the Start button and then click Shut Down.
  • The OS will close all applications and turn off the computer.

Using the Keyboard

  • A keyboard is an input device used to type text, numbers, and commands into the computer.
  • The keyboard has various keys, including:
    • Function keys (F1-F12)
    • Control keys (e.g., CTRL, SHIFT, SPACEBAR, ALT, CAPS LOCK, and TAB)
    • Enter key (or RETURN)
    • Punctuation keys (e.g., colon, semicolon, question mark, single and double quotation marks)
    • Navigation keys (e.g., arrow keys, HOME, END, PAGE UP, and PAGE DOWN)
    • Command keys (e.g., INSERT, DELETE, and BACKSPACE)
    • Windows key (opens the Start menu)

Using a Mouse

  • A mouse is a small device used to move, select, and open items on the computer screen.
  • Mouse actions include:
    • Roll over or hover (shows details of a file in File Explorer)
    • Point and click (selects a file)
    • Drag and drop (moves an item to a new location)
    • Double-click (opens a file)

File Operations

  • Files and folders are used to store information on a computer.
  • Each file has a file name and a file name extension that identifies the file type (e.g., .txt, .jpg, .mp3).
  • Folders are locations where a group of files can be stored.

Basic Shortcuts

  • CTRL+z: undo
  • CTRL+y: redo
  • CTRL+a: select all
  • CTRL+... (more shortcuts available)

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Description

Understanding the fundamental components of a computer system, including hardware and software, and their role in ICT skills development.

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