Computer Components and Data Quiz

Computers process data represented in binary code to carry out instructions.

A set of instructions that tells a computer what to do.

A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem.

Human-readable code written in a programming language.

Binary code that computers directly understand.

The process of converting source code into machine code.

Thinking in a way that mirrors how computers process information - decompose, pattern recognize, abstract, and algorithm design.

Breaking down a large problem into smaller, more manageable parts.

A symbol representing data used for temporary storage and later use, avoiding repetition.

Information about the kind of data a variable holds (e.g., integer, float, character).

Creating a variable by specifying its data type and name, to store a value.

A placeholder within a string that indicates where and how a specific value should be inserted when the string is displayed.

A variable storing the memory address of another variable.

A character represents a single letter, while a string is a sequence of characters.

Integer represents whole numbers; floating-point represents numbers with fractional parts.

A process that declares an array by specifying its data type, name, and the length of it.

A computer processes data using instructions to transform input into output.

A computer typically has a central processing unit (CPU) for calculations, memory for storing data, input/output devices for interacting with the user, and a storage system for long-term data.

Data is raw, unprocessed facts. Information is meaningful data with context.

Computers process information using binary code, a system with only 0s and 1s.

Flowcharts use symbols to represent steps in a program, while pseudocode uses a simplified language.

Computational thinking uses four steps: decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithm design to solve problems like a computer.

Source code is written in programming languages like Python or C, understandable by humans.

Machine code is written in binary, understandable only by computers.

Variables are symbols used to store data temporarily, making code more efficient and reusable. They allow you to refer to the same data without repeating it.

To declare a variable in C, you specify its data type, a unique identifier (name), and optionally assign an initial value. Example: int myAge = 25; - This declares an integer variable named myAge and sets its value to 25.

A pointer is a variable that stores the memory address of another variable. It allows you to manipulate the data stored in the original variable indirectly.

Both char and int store data, but char holds a single character (like 'A', 'b', or '!') while int stores a whole number (like 5, 100, or -2).

A formatted string uses special placeholders (%d, %f, etc.) to indicate where specific data types should be inserted when the string is printed.

Declaration defines the array's type, name, and size (e.g., int numbers[5];). Initialization assigns initial values to the array elements (e.g., int numbers[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};).

Branching allows your program to make decisions based on comparisons. Using operators like <, >, ==, etc., you can choose different code paths based on conditions.

Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks. They help break down code into smaller, modular units, making programs easier to understand and maintain.