Computer Architecture Quiz

The part of a processor responsible for executing instructions, such as addition or conditional branching.

Specialized units within a processor that handle different types of instructions. For example, an Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) handles arithmetic operations, while a Floating Point Unit (FPU) handles fractional numbers.

The process of increasing a processor's clock speed beyond its factory settings, potentially leading to increased performance but also risks like overheating.

A measure of how fast data can be transmitted between components, often expressed in MHz.

A type of processor socket where the processor connects to the motherboard using a flat slot, typically found in older systems.

A type of processor socket where the processor connects to the motherboard using square pins, more common in modern systems.

The technology used to manufacture processors, allowing for millions of transistors to be packed into small areas of silicon.

A type of computer architecture where instructions are broken down into simpler, fixed-length instructions. This allows for simpler and faster execution.

A type of computer architecture where instructions can vary in length and complexity. This allows for more powerful and flexible instructions.

The process of translating high-level programming language into machine-readable code. This involves breaking down complex commands into simpler instructions.

The lowest level of code that a computer can understand. It controls the hardware components directly.

A technique that allows for easy modification and expansion of instructions. This is used in CISC architectures for backward compatibility.

The ability of a new computer system to run programs designed for older systems.

The time it takes for a computer to execute an instruction.

A feature that indicates the status of a processor, such as whether an operation was successful or not.

The speed at which data can be transferred between the processor and memory.

The process of designing a computer processor with specific performance goals. This can involve choosing between CISC or RISC architectures.

The first commercially produced computer, developed in 1951. It used binary code (0s and 1s) to represent instructions and data.

A type of electronic circuit that integrates multiple components on a single chip. This development revolutionized computer design, paving the way for smaller and more powerful computers.

Memory that uses magnetic cores to store data. It provided faster access to information compared to previous technologies.

A computer system developed by IBM in the mid-1960s, notable for its modularity and compatibility, leading to widespread adoption.

A significant early computer produced by DEC, notable for being the first to feature a keyboard and mouse, pioneering modern user interaction.

A computer processor contained on a single chip, marking a major milestone in miniaturization and affordability.

The first microprocessor released by Intel in 1971. This 4-bit processor was a significant innovation in the evolution of computing.

A central processing unit (CPU) that can process 32 bits of data simultaneously, enabling faster and more complex calculations.

A central processing unit (CPU) that can process 64 bits of data simultaneously, offering even greater computing power and performance.

A small, fast memory built into the CPU that stores frequently used data. It's accessed before main memory, speeding up data retrieval.

The main memory of a computer system, typically DRAM. It holds data and instructions that are currently being used by the processor.

A type of memory that is faster and more expensive than DRAM, used for caches (L1, L2, and L3). It holds data that is frequently accessed.

A type of memory that is cheaper but slower than SRAM, used for main memory (DRAM). It needs constant refreshing to retain data.

Different levels of cache memory, with L1 being the fastest and closest to the CPU, while L3 is slower and further away.

The fundamental design and instruction set used in Intel 80x86 processors, defining how instructions are executed by the CPU.

Extended Instruction Set Extensions (SSE) and 3D Now! are additional optimizations specific to Intel and AMD processors, respectively, offering faster performance for certain tasks.

A type of memory that uses capacitors to store data. It's slower than static RAM but less expensive.

A type of memory that utilizes flip-flops (transistors) to store data. It is faster than DRAM but more expensive.

The difference in speed between the processor and memory, leading to performance bottlenecks. This happens when the CPU is faster than the memory, causing the processor to wait for data.

A temporary storage location within the CPU that holds frequently accessed data for faster retrieval.

A system-wide collection of electronic components that handle all communication between various parts of the computer, including processor, memory, and peripherals.