Computer Architecture and Organization Examples

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary distinction between the Harvard Architecture and Von-Neumann Architecture?

The number of processing units

Number of address fields

The organization of registers

Separate buses for data and instructions (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a classification of CPU organization?

Micro-architecture-based (correct)

Stack-based

General registers-based

Accumulator-based

What is the primary focus of computer architecture from a programmer's perspective?

Memory technology

Interfaces

Control signals

Instruction set (correct)

What is the term for the design of individual components of a CPU?

Micro-architecture Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the interface between the computer's internal components and the programmer?

Instruction Set Architecture Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between computer architecture and organization?

Visible to programmer vs. implementation details Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a computer organization aspect?

Control signals Signup and view all the answers

What was used as digital logic elements and memory in the first generation of computers?

Vacuum Tubes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main theme of the 'COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE and ORGANIZATION COURSE'?

Computer Organization and Architecture Signup and view all the answers

Who designed the IAS computer, a famous first-generation computer?

John von Neumann Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reference book for the 'COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE and ORGANIZATION COURSE'?

Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 'Operating System Concepts' (10th Edition) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of marks are allocated for the final exam in the theory part of the course?

60% Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of the third generation of computers?

Integrated circuits Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the early integrated circuits that could only reliably manufacture a few gates or memory cells?

Small-scale integration Signup and view all the answers

What is the prediction made by Gordon Moore, co-founder of Intel, in 1965?

The number of transistors on a chip would double every year Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of each new generation of computers?

Greater processing performance, larger memory capacity, and smaller size Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the introduction of more than 1,000 components on a single integrated circuit chip?

Large-scale integration Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate at which the number of transistors on a chip doubles, according to Moore's law?

Every 18 months Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Evaluation Strategies

Theory marks consist of 40 sessionals (assignments, quizzes, presentations, mid-term) and 60 for the final exam.
Practical marks divide into 20 sessionals and 20 for lab plus viva.

Reference Books

"Computer Organization and Architecture" (10th Edition) by William Stallings.
"Computer Organization and Design" (5th Edition) by David A. Patterson & John L. Hennessy.
"Computer Organization and Design" (RISC-V Edition) by David A. Patterson & John L. Hennessy.

Computer Architecture vs. Organization

Architecture includes attributes visible to the programmer, such as instruction sets and addressing techniques.
Organization refers to the implementation of these features, including control signals and memory technology.

Examples of Computer Architectures and Organizations

Common architectures: Von-Neumann, Harvard, Instruction Set, Micro-architecture, System Design.
CPU organization classifications include single accumulator, general registers, and stack organization.

Basic Computer Architecture Structure

Simple single-processor computers consist of computer peripherals, main memory, and the CPU.
The control unit of the single processor includes sequencing logic, ALU, internal bus, registers, and decoders.

Brief History of Computer Evolution

First Generation (Vacuum Tubes): Utilized vacuum tubes for digital logic; notable computer was the IAS computer, designed in 1946 by von Neumann.
Third Generation (Integrated Circuits): Initially relied on Small-Scale Integration (SSI) before progressing to large-scale integration, increasing component density on chips.

Moore's Law

Gordon Moore observed that the number of transistors on a chip doubles approximately every year; this pace became every 18 months in the 1970s.
Advances lead to increased processing performance, larger memory capacity, and compact sizes with each new generation.

Later Generations of Computers

Subsequent generations are less consistently defined but feature developments in large-scale integration (LSI), allowing over 1,000 components on a single chip.

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Description

Test your knowledge of different computer architectures and organizations, including Von-Neumann, Harvard, and Instruction Set Architecture. Learn about CPU organization, micro-architecture, and system design. This quiz covers the basics of computer architecture and organization.