Computer Architecture and Networking Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the core in the CPU?

The purpose of the core in the CPU is to carry out the fetch-decode-execute cycle, and to execute instructions.

How does increasing the number of cores in the CPU affect performance?

Increasing the number of cores in the CPU increases performance because more instructions can be processed simultaneously.

What is the role of a register?

To store data temporarily.

What does the address bus do?

<p>Transmits addresses between components of the CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the data bus do?

<p>Transmits data between components of the CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the control bus do?

<p>Transmits control signals from the control bus to the control unit to other components of the CPU.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a router do?

<p>A router is a device that forwards packets to their correct destinations on a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an IP address do?

<p>An IP address is assigned by the network and is used to identify a device on the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a network interface card do?

<p>A network interface card (NIC) is a component in a device that enables it to connect to the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a manufacture ID do?

<p>The address assigned by the manufacturer is used to uniquely identify the device.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of translator executes and converts the code line by line?

<p>Interpreter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of translator creates an error report displaying all the errors in the code?

<p>Compiler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of translator creates an executable file?

<p>Compiler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we avoid the cybersecurity threat of phishing?

<p>Never provide personal details online. (A), Check the URL attached to the link. (B), Check the spelling and tone of the email + website. (C), Scan the download with anti-malware. (E), Only download data from trusted sources. (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by social engineering?

<p>Social engineering is manipulating people to obtain data, such as insurance fraud.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are access levels?

<p>Access levels provide users with different permissions for the data, limiting data that can be viewed, read, edited, deleted, or changed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the similarities between IPv4 and IPv6?

<p>Used to identify a device. (A), Can both be static or dynamic. (B), They can both be assigned to a router. (C), They can both be public or private. (D), Can both be unique. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the differences between IPv4 and IPv6?

<p>IPv4 is separated using dots. (A), IPv6 is between 0000 and FFFF. (B), IPv6 is eight groups of digits. (C), IPv4 is between 0 and 255. (D), IPv6 is hexadecimal. (E), IPv4 is four groups of digits. (F), IPv4 is written as denary. (G), IPv6 is separated using colons. (H)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system stores a database of uniform resource locators and their corresponding IP addresses?

<p>DNS (Domain Name System)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What software sends a request to the IP address to obtain the web page data?

<p>A web browser.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is virtual memory used?

<p>Secondary storage is portioned to create virtual memory, files can be sent to virtual memory making space in RAM, once the file is required it can be sent back to the RAM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What manages files, memory, and multitasking?

<p>An operating system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by managing memory?

<p>Keeping track of the status of each memory location, managing the movement of data to and from RAM, checking that processes have enough memory, ensuring that two processes do not access the same memory location, transferring pages between virtual memory and RAM, and allowing multitasking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Purpose of CPU Core

To carry out the fetch-decode-execute cycle and execute instructions.

Impact of Increasing Cores

Increasing the number of cores increases performance by processing more instructions simultaneously.

Role of a Register

To store data temporarily within the CPU.

Function of Address Bus

Transmits addresses between CPU components.

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Function of Data Bus

Transmits data between components of the CPU.

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Function of Control Bus

Transmits control signals from the control unit to other CPU components.

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Function of a Router

Device that forwards packets to their correct destinations on a network.

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Purpose of IP Address

Identifies a device on the network, assigned by the network.

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Network Interface Card

Component enabling a device to connect to the network.

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Manufacturer ID

Address assigned by the manufacturer to uniquely identify the device.

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Interpreter

Type of translator that executes and converts code line by line, stopping at errors.

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Compiler

Translater that creates an executable file and reports all errors in code.

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Pharming Prevention

Check email spellings, URLs, and use trusted downloads to avoid phishing.

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Social Engineering

Manipulating people to obtain confidential data.

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Access Levels

Different permissions provided to users for data access and modification.

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IPv4 and IPv6 Similarities

Both identify devices, can be static or dynamic, and can be public or private.

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Differences Between IPv4 and IPv6

IPv4 is denary, separated by dots; IPv6 is hexadecimal, separated by colons.

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DNS Functionality

Stores a database of URLs and their corresponding IP addresses.

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Web Browser Function

Software that sends requests to IP addresses to obtain web page data.

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Virtual Memory Use

Secondary storage is used to create virtual memory, allowing space in RAM.

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Operating System

Manages files, memory, and multitasking on a device.

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Memory Management

Tracking memory locations and data movement to and from RAM for multitasking.

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Study Notes

CPU Core Function

  • The CPU core carries out the fetch-decode-execute cycle and executes instructions.

CPU Core and Performance

  • Increasing the number of cores in a CPU improves performance by allowing more instructions to be processed simultaneously.

CPU Registers

  • Registers temporarily store data.

CPU Buses

  • The address bus transmits addresses between CPU components.
  • The data bus transmits data between CPU components.
  • The control bus transmits control signals from the control unit to other CPU components.

Routers

  • Routers forward packets to their correct destinations on a network.

IP Addresses

  • IP addresses uniquely identify devices on a network, assigned by the network.

Network Interface Cards (NICs)

  • NICs enable devices to connect to a network.

Manufacturer IDs

  • Manufacturers IDs are used to uniquely identify devices.

Translators (Interpreters vs. Compilers)

  • Interpreters execute and convert code line-by-line, stopping if errors are detected.
  • Compilers create an error report displaying all errors and create an executable file.

Avoiding Pharming Threats

  • Be cautious of email/website spelling, tone, and URLs.
  • Scan downloads with anti-malware software.
  • Download from trusted sources.
  • Avoid providing personal details online.

Social Engineering

  • Social engineering manipulates people to obtain data (e.g., insurance fraud).

Access Levels

  • Access levels control user permissions for data.
  • Users can view/read, edit/delete, or change data based on assigned levels.
  • Access levels are often connected to usernames.

IPv4 and IPv6 Similarities

  • Both are used to identify devices on a network.
  • Both can be static or dynamic, public or private.

IPv4 and IPv6 Differences

  • IPv4 is decimal (separated by dots), IPv6 is hexadecimal (separated by colons).
  • IPv4 has four groups of digits, IPv6 has eight.
  • IPv4 values are between 0 and 255; IPv6 values are between 0000 and FFFF.

DNS

  • The Domain Name System (DNS) stores a database of Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) and their corresponding IP addresses.

Web Browsers

  • Web browsers send requests to IP addresses to obtain webpage data.

Virtual Memory

  • Virtual memory uses secondary storage space partitioned to create virtual memory.
  • Files can move between primary (RAM) and virtual memory.
  • This management allows for more simultaneous tasks (multitasking).

Operating Systems

  • Operating systems manage files, memory, and multitasking.

Memory Management

  • Memory management involves tracking memory locations, data movement in/out of RAM, ensuring adequate memory for processes, preventing process interference by preventing accessing the same memory location and transferring pages between virtual/RAM memory.
  • It enables multitasking.

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Description

This quiz covers fundamental concepts in computer architecture and networking, including CPU functionality, performance, and components like routers and NICs. Test your knowledge on the fetch-decode-execute cycle, CPU cores, and the role of IP addresses and manufacturer IDs in networking.

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