Computability Theory and Analytical Engine

<p>It was mechanical, digital, and general-purpose with the ability to store instructions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>35% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The development of the Turing Machine in 1936 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joseph-Marie Jacquard (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The analysis of what computers can and cannot perform. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Week 8 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The entire course content, but with emphasis on the second half (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>11 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Web design for usability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>35% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To encourage reflection on the student's future and course improvement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The assignment is not graded and no credit is given. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computer networks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Read the assigned material at least once before the lecture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To collect input for improving course material to better suit students needs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fundamental physical limits, such as the width of an atom. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By utilizing quantum-mechanical interactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No practical quantum computer has been successfully built yet. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mosaic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because it originally allowed users to navigate and read text files online. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The processing time required is too long. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quantum computers may defeat many sophisticated encryption schemes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To calculate artillery-firing tables for the U.S. military. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its incorporation of binary arithmetic and regenerative memory. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decimal storage wheels, rotary dial switches, and wiring. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was capable of performing trigonometric and logarithmic calculations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The creation of the first transistor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heavy reliance on vacuum tubes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 1 year for design and 1 1/2 years for construction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The page that appears when a user initially selects a site on the World Wide Web. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To address the challenges of geographical dispersion and rapid turnover of researchers at CERN. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Implementing simple browsers for the user's workstations based on information access needs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To make the Web more intelligent and intuitive about serving user's needs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four software engineers and one programmer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any page address (URL) can be entered directly to visit it. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aimed to incorporate several different server types already available at CERN. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It responded to 128 requests per minute. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Silicon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles every two years. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As a very fast electrical switch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analog and mixed-signal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High speed, low power dissipation, and reduced manufacturing cost (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Functioning as an electronic one-way valve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As amplifiers of signals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A small current or voltage controls the current through it. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of breaking down a complex problem into smaller, more manageable parts. This involves identifying the individual steps required to solve the problem.

A set of instructions that tell a computer what to do. These instructions can be written in various programming languages.

The ability to learn from past failures and improve performance over time. This applies to algorithms and software systems.

The collection and storage of information for later analysis and retrieval, often managed using databases.

Specialized software that helps users perform specific tasks, such as writing documents, creating presentations, or browsing the internet.

A set of instructions that defines the steps to solve a particular problem. Algorithms are often represented using flowcharts.

A visual representation of the steps involved in an algorithm, using symbols and arrows.

A collection of interconnected computers that communicate and share resources. Networks can be local, connecting devices in a building, or wide-area, spanning across the globe.

The process of identifying and understanding user needs to design effective and usable software.

A set of rules and guidelines that govern the behavior of a computer system, including how users interact with it.

A theoretical computer that can perform any calculation that can be performed by a real computer. It consists of a tape, a read/write head, and a set of instructions. The tape is divided into cells, each of which can hold one symbol. The read/write head can read or write a symbol to the current cell, move the tape left or right, or halt the machine.

A mechanical general-purpose computer designed by Charles Babbage in the 19th century. It was capable of performing calculations and storing instructions using punched cards. However, it was never fully built due to technological limitations and lack of funding.

A device that reads and processes instructions from punched cards. It was used in the 19th century for controlling looms in textile factories.

A series of key advancements and inventions that have shaped the field of computing. It includes the development of Babbage's Analytical Engine, Turing Machines, and the first electronic computers.

The ability to store and process information using binary code, representing data as 0s and 1s. This foundation allows modern computers to perform complex operations at high speeds.

A course that teaches fundamental concepts of computing, including programming, algorithms, and computer hardware. It provides a foundation for further learning on the subject.

A collection of definitions for technical terms or jargon, often provided in the back of textbooks or manuals.

A combination of assignments, exams, and homework, used to assess a student's understand of the material.

A computer that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to perform calculations.

These are limits to further miniaturization in conventional computers, caused by the physical size of atoms.

These limits arise due to the increasing cost of manufacturing highly advanced and powerful microchips.

A computer that leverages the properties of molecules within a liquid to perform computations.

A type of communication protocol employed by web browsers to request content from web servers.

Software that allows users to access and interact with web content.

The collection of interconnected websites, documents, and resources accessible through the internet.

The process of breaking down a large number into its prime factors.

The Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) was the first electronic digital computer, built in 1937-42. It used binary arithmetic, had regenerative memory, and had parallel processing, separating memory from computing functions.

The Harvard Mark I was a giant roomful of noisy, clicking metal parts, 55 feet long and 8 feet high. It was used by the US Navy for calculations and was in operation from 1944 to 1959.

The Harvard Mark I used pre-punched paper tape for input, performed basic arithmetic, had subroutines for complex functions, and used decimal numbers.

The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator) was built in 1946 and used by the US military for artillery-firing tables. It contained 17,468 vacuum tubes, 70,000 resistors, and 10,000 capacitors.

John Mauchly was the chief consultant, and J. Presper Eckert was the chief engineer of the ENIAC. Eckert was a student at the Moore School when he met Mauchly in 1943.

The transistor was invented in 1947 by William Shockley at Bell Laboratories. This invention was crucial for the development of integrated circuits and microprocessors, which are essential parts of modern electronics.

The transistor allowed for the development of smaller, more powerful, and efficient electronics. It replaced vacuum tubes in computers and other devices.

The transistor was a key step towards the development of modern computers and integrated circuits. It led to smaller, faster, and more affordable devices.

The initial page displayed when a user accesses a website, providing a starting point for navigation. It's often associated with the website's main address.

The address used to locate and access specific information on the World Wide Web, typically consisting of a protocol (e.g., http), domain name (e.g., www.example.com), and optional file path (e.g., /index.html).

The global network of interconnected computers that allows users to share information and resources. It's a vast web of communication and access.

A system for accessing and sharing information, developed at CERN, which enables users to navigate and retrieve documents on the Internet using hyperlinks.

A concept proposed by Tim Berners-Lee to enhance the World Wide Web's intelligence and ability to understand and interpret information, allowing for a more intuitive and personalized user experience.

A document or resource stored on a web server and accessible through a web browser, typically containing text, images, and hyperlinks.

A computer system designed to store and serve web pages, making them accessible to users over the internet.

A solid-state semiconductor device used for amplification and switching. It has three terminals: a small current/voltage applied to one terminal controls the current through the other two. It's the key component in all modern electronics.

A small, thin piece of silicon containing a large number of transistors and other electronic components. It's etched with transistors, and its size can vary from a few millimeters to an inch.

A type of integrated circuit that processes electronic signals in a continuous manner, like sound waves or light.

A type of integrated circuit that processes electronic signals in a discrete, on-or-off manner, like binary code (0s and 1s).

A type of integrated circuit that combines both digital and analog circuitry on the same chip.

A fundamental component within an integrated circuit, acting as a fast electronic switch. It can be turned on or off, controlling the flow of electricity.

A device within an integrated circuit that stores a single bit of information (0 or 1) and can be accessed very quickly.

A device within an integrated circuit that allows selecting one input signal from multiple inputs and sending it to a single output.