CompTIA ITF+ FC0-U61: Computer Hardware Components

Questions and Answers

Linux is defined as a ________, which is also the core of an operating system.

Version

Shell

Distribution

Kernel (correct)

You need to kill a process in Windows. Which utility should you use?

Programs and Features

Task Manager (correct)

Process Manager

Windows Explorer

Which of the following file systems does not have built-in security?

File Allocation Table (FAT) (correct)

ext4

ext3

HFS

What is the first step needed to get a new replacement hard drive ready for file storage?

Format the drive Signup and view all the answers

Web browsers cache information about websites, affecting the display of outdated data.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which video connector provides the best resolution standard available today?

HDMI Signup and view all the answers

Which connector provides the fastest speed?

Thunderbolt Signup and view all the answers

Which type of printer uses a powdery substance to create images on paper?

Laser Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the round connector used for keyboards and mice?

PS/2 Signup and view all the answers

What type of device is referred to as a 'SuperSpeed' device?

USB Signup and view all the answers

What type of ink cartridge is commonly used in color inkjet printers?

CMYK Signup and view all the answers

Which peripheral device is needed for a video teleconference?

Webcam Signup and view all the answers

What type of connector is commonly plugged into a modem?

RJ-11 Signup and view all the answers

Which connector does not provide digital video output, only analog?

VGA Signup and view all the answers

Which type of monitor is most likely to have a Degauss button?

CRT Signup and view all the answers

What type of connector might an older joystick have?

PS/2 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of interpreted languages? (Choose two.)

Scripted Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about DVI connectors?

They are digital and analog Signup and view all the answers

Which connectors can help you network two Mac computers running macOS?

RJ-45 Signup and view all the answers

What type of high-level programming language is translated into machine code?

Compiled Signup and view all the answers

What sensor in a mobile device allows the screen to rotate as the device does?

Gyroscope Signup and view all the answers

A programmer wants to write code that directly accesses the computer's hardware. Which is the best type of language for the programmer to use?

Assembly Signup and view all the answers

Which type of variable should a programmer create to accept an input of someone's name?

String Signup and view all the answers

Which IoT device is used to control the temperature in a home?

Thermostat Signup and view all the answers

Looping logic makes use of which of the following statements?

While Signup and view all the answers

Which data type represents the number 11010.11?

Float Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a markup language?

XML Signup and view all the answers

A flowchart is designed to depict which of the following?

Programs Signup and view all the answers

Which type of programming language is designed to retrieve data from a database?

Query Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following types of network connections can give you the highest data transfer rates?

DSL Signup and view all the answers

In the scenario of configuring a wireless router for private IP addresses, which service needs to be enabled on the router?

NAT Signup and view all the answers

If you forget the password to your wireless router, what can you do to reset it?

Use the password reset option in your router configuration utility Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause when your IP address is 169.254.18.53 and you can't access network resources?

The DHCP server is down Signup and view all the answers

When connecting client computers to the network in the provided scenario, what password do they need to enter?

Tx$pr4y2 Signup and view all the answers

What feature provides for guaranteed bandwidth in a router?

QoS Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following addresses is considered a private IP address?

192.168.100.101 Signup and view all the answers

Which security protocol should be chosen to make a wireless network the most secure?

WPA2 Signup and view all the answers

Which standard will give you the highest speed for wireless networks?

802.11ac Signup and view all the answers

Which options provide the best speed for setting up an Internet connection? (Choose two)

Cable Signup and view all the answers

Which components in your computer store data? (Choose three)

RAM Signup and view all the answers

What type of expansion card allows your computer to talk to other computers without wires?

NIC Signup and view all the answers

Which type of expansion slot provides the fastest data transfer speeds?

PCIe x16 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of optical disc will store the most data?

BD-ROM Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the component that controls communication between the processor and memory?

Chipset Signup and view all the answers

What should you purchase to upgrade your computer for faster boot time and more file space?

SSD Signup and view all the answers

If your computer runs low on RAM, what will it use instead?

Virtual memory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are hard drive connector types? (Choose two)

PATA Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following uses a 240-pin connector?

DIMM Signup and view all the answers

Which component inside a computer produces the most heat?

CPU Signup and view all the answers

What are advantages of solid-state drives? (Choose three)

Generate less heat than HDDs Signup and view all the answers

Which device is connected to the motherboard with a 24-pin block connector?

PSU Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processor types is most likely to be found in a smartphone?

ARM Signup and view all the answers

How can you best upgrade your BIOS?

Flash the BIOS Signup and view all the answers

Which component inside a computer produces the most heat?

CPU Signup and view all the answers

Where is the BIOS stored?

BIOS chip Signup and view all the answers

What type of memory is needed to upgrade a laptop?

SODIMM Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the connector you are likely to find at the end of a twisted-pair network cable?

RJ-45 Signup and view all the answers

Which connectors may be used for plugging in a keyboard? (Choose two)

USB Signup and view all the answers

Which ports were developed by Apple and found on MacBooks?

Thunderbolt Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are communications devices for computers? (Choose two)

NIC Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of permissions granted to access a database?

Direct/manual access Signup and view all the answers

What is the best choice for a database with different types of data including images, patient records, and emails?

Non-relational database Signup and view all the answers

What uniquely identifies a record in a database?

Primary key Signup and view all the answers

What type of data classification includes metadata along with pictures in a database?

Semi-structured data Signup and view all the answers

Which type of database access involves using a JDBC connection?

Programmatic access Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true when dealing with granting and denying database permissions?

Oscar will still be able to view the database because a grant overrides a deny. Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to add a fifth table to a database?

CREATE Signup and view all the answers

Which command should be used to add a column to an existing table?

ALTER Signup and view all the answers

Which command should be used to remove a table from a database permanently?

DROP Signup and view all the answers

What does a primary key uniquely identify in a database?

A record in a table Signup and view all the answers

Which command should be used to change data in the employee database for an employee who got married and changed their last name?

UPDATE Signup and view all the answers

In a key/value database, data is represented as a collection of what?

Key/value pairs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of software licenses requires the user to pay yearly?

Subscriptions Signup and view all the answers

What software is designed to let the OS talk to hardware?

Driver Signup and view all the answers

You need to set up software for five users on a network. They all need to have access to and edit the same Excel files. Which is the best type of software for them to use?

Online workspace Signup and view all the answers

When thinking of software compatibility, which two factors matter most?

If the software will work with the operating system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following application delivery methods requires Internet access?

Cloud hosted Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not an example of productivity software?

Conferencing software Signup and view all the answers

For security software, such as antivirus protection, how often should you update the software?

At least once a week Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not require users to pay for the software?

Open-source software Signup and view all the answers

Software product keys are typically found in which of the following locations?

On the package the installation CD came in Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should you use to prevent a website from stealing your identity?

Private browsing Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause if a button on a webpage does not work when clicked?

Script blocker Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following numbers is written in hexadecimal format?

18AF Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms describe concepts related to breaking code into smaller, repeatable sections?

Functions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of object-oriented programming languages?

Java Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding arrays and vectors?

Arrays contain one data type and are dynamic in length. Vectors can have multiple data types and are fixed in length. Signup and view all the answers

A developer needs to use a code designation for non-English letters. Which notational system does the developer need to use?

ASCII Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause for the app not supporting rotation?

The Settings app does not support rotation. Signup and view all the answers

What term is used that refers to connecting two Bluetooth devices together for communications?

Pairing Signup and view all the answers

What methods can Agi use to unlock her iPhone with a biometric scanner enabled?

Fingerprint or passcode Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to having data stolen from your device via Bluetooth connection?

Bluesnarfing Signup and view all the answers

What app does your friend need to use to set up a Wi-Fi connection with your wireless router on their new Android phone?

Settings Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following devices is likely to have the least amount of storage space?

Mobile phone Signup and view all the answers

After turning on Wi-Fi, what step do you take next when setting up a new Wi-Fi connection on your Android phone?

Verify wireless capabilities Signup and view all the answers

Which two options does one have to enable backups of a new iPhone?

iTunes Signup and view all the answers

A pacemaker is an example of what type of IoT device?

Medical device Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes what Airplane mode does on an iPhone?

Turns off all wireless connections Signup and view all the answers

Which IoT device is typically paired with security systems?

IP camera Signup and view all the answers

Where should you look for a new productivity app for your Android-based tablet?

Google Play Signup and view all the answers

An Xbox One X is an example of which type of device?

Gaming console Signup and view all the answers

Where should Rebecca go to find and download the newest game she heard about for her iPad?

iTunes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of an operating system?

Monitor system health Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following operating systems can you freely modify if you choose?

Linux Signup and view all the answers

Which OS will software written for macOS run on?

macOS only Signup and view all the answers

Where are the files stored on a Chromebook by default?

In the cloud Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the data in a presentation when you delete a shortcut to it?

Nothing Signup and view all the answers

With which of the following file systems can you not rename a file when it's open?

NTFS Signup and view all the answers

Which operating system will be installed on a new iPhone?

iOS Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an embedded OS?

Firmware Signup and view all the answers

To which operating system does the software called Oreo refer?

Android Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Computer Components

RAM is a temporary data storage area.
SSD is a type of hard drive that stores data.
BD-ROM discs store data.
PCI is an expansion slot type, and PSU is a power supply unit.

Expansion Cards

A network interface card (NIC) allows computers to talk to each other without wires.
PCIe is the fastest expansion slot standard, providing the fastest data transfer speeds.

Optical Discs

Blu-ray Discs (BD-ROM) store the most data, up to 25 GB per side per layer.

Motherboard Components

The chipset on the motherboard controls communication between the processor (CPU) and memory (RAM).

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

The PSU supplies power to components, and its capacity should be checked when adding new devices.

Hard Drives

Hard disk drives do not use expansion slots, but rather connect directly to the motherboard.
Solid-state drives (SSDs) provide faster bootup times and more space than conventional hard disk drives (HDDs).

Memory

Virtual memory is hard drive space used as extra memory when the system runs low on physical memory.
SODIMMs are made for laptops, while DIMMs are for desktop computers.

BIOS

The BIOS stores configuration information, such as time and date, and is powered by the CMOS battery when the system is off.
The BIOS can be flashed to upgrade it.

Processors

ARM processors are commonly found in smartphones and tablets.
Cache is temporary memory that is closer to the processor than RAM, making it slightly quicker.

Heat Dissipation

The processor, or CPU, produces the most heat, and proper heat dissipation is essential to prevent failure.

Communication Devices

Network interface cards (NICs) and modems are devices that allow computers to communicate with each other.

Solid-State Drives (SSDs)

SSDs are faster, generate less heat, and are quieter than conventional HDDs.

Thunderbolt

Thunderbolt is a connector that provides the fastest speed, up to 40 Gbps, and was developed by Apple in partnership with Intel.

Video Connectors

HDMI is the best video connection standard available today, providing the highest resolution.

Printers

Laser printers use toner, an ink-like plastic powder, to create images on paper.

Pointing Devices

Touchpads are pointing devices similar to mice, commonly found on laptop keyboards.

Wireless Networking

Near-field communication (NFC) and Bluetooth are wireless networking technologies.

Storage

NAS (Network-Attached Storage) devices provide extra storage and have built-in fault tolerance.

Ink Cartridges

Color inkjet printers use cyan, magenta, yellow, and black ink cartridges.

Webcams

Webcams allow recording or transmitting video, essential for video teleconferencing.

Connectors

RJ-11 connectors are used at the ends of phone lines, plugged into modems.
VGA is an analog video standard, while DVI can produce analog or digital output.
HDMI and Thunderbolt are digital video standards.### Troubleshooting Computer Issues
When Robert's mouse jumps around unexpectedly, the best solution is to disable the touchpad.
To scroll down on an Android phone, swipe down.
Gaming consoles are not used for editing Word documents or creating spreadsheets.
A server is used to provide services to others on a network, including file access.

iPhone and iPad Usage

To zoom in on a map on an iPhone, use reverse pinch.
On an iPad, the image turns when the device is turned 90 degrees, thanks to the gyroscope sensor.
Not all apps support rotation on iPhone, and the Settings app is one of them.

IoT Devices

Thermostats are used to control the temperature in a home and are an example of an IoT device.
A pacemaker is a medical device and an example of an IoT device.
IP cameras are typically paired with security systems.

Device Management

Airplane mode turns off all wireless connections on a mobile device.
An Xbox One X is an example of a gaming console.
Chromebooks often have small hard drives and are not used for file storage, with files stored in the cloud instead.
Linux is an open-source operating system.

Operating Systems

iOS is the operating system installed on iPhones.
Firmware is an example of an embedded OS.
Android versions are currently named after different types of sweets.

File Systems

With the FAT and NTFS file systems, you cannot rename a file or change its metadata while the file is open or in use.
Linux is a kernel, which is the core of an operating system.
File Allocation Table (FAT) does not have built-in security.

Process Management

To stop a process in Windows, use the Task Manager.
When you copy a file, the original file remains intact, and a new version of that file is created elsewhere on the hard drive.

Directories

The number of subdirectories allowed within a single directory depends on the operating system.
A Linux-based OS is called a distribution, which is a combination of the kernel, shell, and utilities needed for a fully functional OS.### Preparing a Hard Drive for Storage
Before using a hard drive for file storage, it needs at least one partition.
Once partitioned, the drive needs to be formatted, which installs a file system.

Updating a Windows Driver

To update a Windows driver for a sound card, use the Device Manager utility.

Metadata

Metadata is information about a file, such as its name, size, creator, and security.
It is not part of the file itself, but rather data about the file.

Operating Systems and Kernels

Windows 10 uses the Windows NT kernel.
Windows 3.11 was created before the NT kernel, and macOS and Chrome OS do not use the NT kernel.

Browser Issues

If a user is experiencing multiple browser windows opening on their own, it may be due to malware or the need to configure a pop-up blocker.
Clearing the cache may fix a problem where a website is showing outdated information.

Licensed Software

Licensed software typically requires a product key to install or use the product.
Single-use software licenses state that the software can only be used on one computer at a time.
Subscription software requires the user to pay yearly.

Two-Tier Architecture

In a two-tier architecture model, the business logic layer is usually omitted, and the application layer is the client-side software.

Productivity Software

Word processing, spreadsheets, and presentation software are examples of productivity software.
Subscription software requires the user to pay yearly.

Software Compatibility

When considering software compatibility, the two most important factors are whether the software was written for the operating system and if the computer has enough hardware to run the application.

Printer Installation

If a printer driver is missing, visit the manufacturer's website to download and install it.

Application Delivery Methods

Cloud-hosted apps require Internet access.

Antivirus Software

For security software, such as antivirus protection, update the definition file at least once a week or set the software to update automatically.

Product Keys

Software product keys are typically included on the package in which the installation CD-ROM was shipped or in an email from the manufacturer.

Private Browsing

Private browsing doesn't guarantee anonymity, but it doesn't use any of your cache or cookies, making it less likely that the website can determine your identity.

Hexadecimal Format

Hexadecimal is also known as base 16 and uses the numbers 1 to 9 and letters A to F.

Code Concepts

Functions and methods are used to break code into small, reusable segments.
Arrays and vectors are containers for data, with arrays containing one data type and being fixed in length, and vectors being more flexible, containing multiple data types and being dynamic in length.

Object-Oriented Programming

Java and Python are considered object-oriented languages.

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Description

This quiz tests your knowledge on different components in a computer, including RAM, SSD, BD-ROM discs, PCI, and PSU. Identify the correct components that store data.