Blood and immunity terms and disorders
40 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of T cells in adaptive immunity?

  • Producing antibodies to neutralize pathogens.
  • Promoting inflammation during allergic responses.
  • Directly attacking foreign invaders. (correct)
  • Initiating the process of hemopoiesis.
  • Which term describes the proportion of red blood cells in blood?

  • Hemostasis
  • Hemopathy
  • Hematocrit (correct)
  • Hemoglobin
  • Which of the following terms refers specifically to the process of stopping bleeding?

  • Hemostasis (correct)
  • Leukocytosis
  • Hematopoiesis
  • Erythropoiesis
  • Which type of white blood cell plays a key role in allergic reactions and fighting parasitic infections?

    <p>Eosinophil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'immun/o' pertain to in medical terminology?

    <p>Immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of immunoglobulins in the immune system?

    <p>They neutralize pathogens and provide protective functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Neutropenia specifically refers to which condition in relation to white blood cells?

    <p>A decrease in neutrophils, increasing infection vulnerability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following defines an antigen?

    <p>A substance that triggers an immune response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'anemia' indicate regarding blood composition?

    <p>A lack of hemoglobin or red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which root word correlates with the concept of clotting in medical terminology?

    <p>Thromb/o</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'autoimmunity' specifically refer to?

    <p>The immune system attacks the body's own tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best characterizes an immunodeficiency disorder?

    <p>A weakened immune system that favors infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix '-cytosis' indicate in medical terminology?

    <p>An abnormal increase in the number of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of immunoglobulins?

    <p>To act as antibodies in the immune response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a hypersensitivity reaction?

    <p>Anaphylaxis, causing severe systemic reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'Auto-' signify in medical terms?

    <p>Indicating a self-originating condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the concept of prophylaxis?

    <p>A procedure intended to prevent disease or infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lymphadenopathy?

    <p>A disease affecting the lymph nodes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of gamma globulin?

    <p>It contains antibodies for passive immunity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best defines hypersensitivity?

    <p>An excessive immune response to a harmless substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes B cells from T cells in the context of immunity?

    <p>B cells produce antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the immune response triggered by a substance?

    <p>Antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main risk associated with neutropenia?

    <p>Vulnerability to infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which root word specifically relates to the concept of red blood cells?

    <p>Erythr/o</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does hematocrit specifically measure?

    <p>The percentage of red blood cells in the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which white blood cell type is crucial for fighting parasitic infections?

    <p>Eosinophil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the process of hemostasis entail?

    <p>Stopping bleeding through clot formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes an immune response that is artificially induced?

    <p>Immunization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition does the medical term 'anemia' specifically describe?

    <p>Deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein plays a key defensive role against infections produced by B cells?

    <p>Immunoglobulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'hypersensitivity' refer to in the context of the immune system?

    <p>An exaggerated immune response causing tissue damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own tissues?

    <p>Autoimmunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix '-cytosis' indicate when discussing blood cell counts?

    <p>An abnormal increase in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the function of immunoglobulin?

    <p>Serving as antibodies critical for immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of prophylaxis in medical terminology?

    <p>To prevent the occurrence of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does gamma globulin provide to an individual?

    <p>Passive immunity through antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of lymphocytes in the immune system?

    <p>To detect and destroy pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'lymph/o' indicate in medical terminology?

    <p>Referring to lymph and the lymphatic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an immunodeficiency disorder?

    <p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'lymphadenopathy' signify?

    <p>Swelling of the lymph nodes due to infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Components of Adaptive Immunity

    • T Cells: Responsible for cell-mediated immunity, directly attacking foreign invaders.
    • B Cells: Responsible for humoral immunity, producing antibodies.
    • Hem/o, Hemat/o: Blood (e.g., hemopathy)
    • Erythr/o: Red (e.g., erythropoiesis)
    • Thromb/o: Clot (e.g., thrombosis)
    • Leuk/o: White (e.g., leukocytosis)

    Hematology Terms

    • Hematocrit: The proportion of red blood cells in the blood.
    • Hemostasis: The process of stopping bleeding, including blood clot formation.
    • Immun/o: Refers to immunity or immune systems.
    • Immunization: Process of inducing immunity.
    • Immunoglobulin (Ig): Antibody proteins that protect against infections.
    • Antigen: A substance that triggers an immune response.
    • Antibody (Immunoglobulin): A protein produced by B cells that helps neutralize pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
    • Neutropenia: A decrease in the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, making the body more vulnerable to infections.
    • Eosinophil: A type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions and fighting parasitic infections.
    • Lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell involved in immune response.
    • Anemia: Deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
    • Leukemia: Cancer involving overproduction of white blood cells.
    • Autoimmune Diseases: The immune system attacks the body's own cells.
    • Immunodeficiency Disorders: A weakened immune system, as seen in (human immunodeficiency virus) HIV.

    Common Roots

    • -phylaxis: Refers to protection or prevention.

      • Prophylaxis: Treatment given or action taken to prevent disease.
      • Anaphylaxis: A severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.
    • Lymph/o: Referring to lymph or the lymphatic system, part of the immune system.

      • Lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell involved in immune response.
      • Lymphadenopathy: Disease affecting the lymph nodes.
    • -globulin: Refers to proteins involved in immune response.

      • Immunoglobulin: Antibodies that play a critical role in immune response.
      • Gamma Globulin: A substance containing antibodies given for passive immunity.
    • Auto-: Prefix meaning "self."

      • Autoimmune: When the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.
      • Autoantibodies: Antibodies produced by the immune system that attack the body’s own cells.
    • -cytosis: Refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells.

      • Leukocytosis: An abnormal increase in white blood cells.

    Hypersensitivity

    • Hypersensitivity: An exaggerated immune response to a foreign substance.
      • Hypersensitivity reaction: Immune responses that result in damage to tissues, ranging from mild to severe (e.g., anaphylaxis).

    Adaptive Immunity

    • Adaptive immunity is a specific defense mechanism that targets particular pathogens.
    • It has two main arms:
      • Cell-mediated immunity (T cells) directly attacks foreign invaders.
      • Humoral immunity (B cells) utilizes antibodies to neutralize pathogens.
    • Hem/o, Hemat/o: Refers to blood (e.g., hemopathy: any blood disease).
    • Erythr/o: Refers to red (e.g., erythropoiesis: the production of red blood cells).
    • Thromb/o: Refers to clot (e.g., thrombosis: the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel).
    • Leuk/o: Refers to white (e.g., leukocytosis: an increase in the number of white blood cells).
    • Hematocrit: Represents the percentage of red blood cells in the blood volume.
    • Hemostasis: The process of stopping bleeding, including blood clot formation.
    • Immun/o: Denotes immunity and immune systems.
    • Immunization: Process of inducing immunity to a disease, often through vaccination.
    • Immunoglobulin (Ig): Antibody proteins produced by B cells that provide protection against infections.
    • Antigen: Any substance that triggers an immune response.
    • Antibody (Immunoglobulin): Proteins produced by B cells to neutralize pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
    • Neutropenia: A decrease in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, leading to increased infection vulnerability.
    • Eosinophil: A type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions and fighting parasitic infections.
    • Lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell crucial for immune responses.
    • Anemia: Deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, causing reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood.
    • Leukemia: Cancer involving overproduction of white blood cells.
    • Autoimmune Diseases: Occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells.
    • Immunodeficiency Disorders: Characterized by a weakened immune system, such as in HIV infection.

    Medical Terminology Suffixes and Prefixes

    • -phylaxis: Refers to protection or prevention.
      • Prophylaxis: Treatment or action taken to prevent disease.
      • Anaphylaxis: A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction.
    • Lymph/o: Relates to lymph or the lymphatic system.
      • Lymphocyte: A type of white blood cell involved in immune response.
      • Lymphadenopathy: Disease affecting the lymph nodes.
    • -globulin: Refers to proteins involved in immune response.
      • Immunoglobulin: Antibodies critical in immune response.
      • Gamma globulin: Substance containing antibodies given for passive immunity.
    • Auto-: Prefix meaning "self".
      • Autoimmune: When the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.
      • Autoantibodies: Antibodies produced by the immune system that attack the body's own cells.
    • -cytosis: Refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells.
      • Leukocytosis: An abnormal increase in white blood cells.

    Hypersensitivity

    • An exaggerated immune response to a foreign substance.
    • Hypersensitivity reactions can cause tissue damage, ranging from mild to severe (e.g., anaphylaxis).

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Medical Terminology Blood PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the components of adaptive immunity, including T cells and B cells, along with important medical terminology related to blood and immunity. This quiz covers definitions and functions essential for understanding the immune system.

    More Like This

    Adaptive vs Innate Immunity Quiz
    8 questions
    Adaptive Immunity and Immune Response
    40 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser