Community Health Nursing Ethics

Health and Well-being

• Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease or infirmity.
• Ethics in healthcare govern and control the conduct and behavior of professionals, including moral behavior and values.

Community Health Ethics

• Relates to medical ethics that deal with values, choices, and personal moral behavior of individuals, clients, and social morality applied to population groups.

Community Participation and Involvement in Health

• Involves community members contributing to health by fulfilling their responsibilities, which can vary from situation to situation or country to country.

Primary Health Care (PHC)

• Essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound, and socially acceptable methods and technology, made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community through full participation.

School and Health

• A school is a formal institution designed to transmit knowledge, skills, and behaviors to children to become productive members of society.
• A healthful school environment is safe, protects against immediate injury or disease, and promotes activities and attitudes against known risk factors that might lead to future disease or disability.

School Health Program

• A school health program is a set of strategies, activities, and services offered by or in association with schools to promote students' physical, emotional, and social development.

Rehabilitation, Impairment, Disability, and Handicap

• Rehabilitation is a dynamic program that helps a disabled person achieve optimal physical, psychological, social, or vocational potential.
• Impairment is the loss of normality of a physiological, psychological, or anatomical structure and function.
• Disability occurs when there is a restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for human beings.
• Handicap results when impairment or disability limits or prevents fulfillment of a normal role of an individual.

Health Education and Learning

• Health education is the scientific process of providing learning experiences to influence knowledge, practices, and attitudes of individuals' health.
• Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, leading to behavioral change.

Occupational Health and Home Care

• Occupational health is a multidisciplinary approach to recognizing, diagnosing, treating, preventing, and controlling work-related diseases, injuries, and other conditions.
• Home care provides technical and professional services, including health, social, and psychological support, to individuals and families in their homes.

Mortality and Fertility Indicators

• Age-specific death rate is the number of deaths in a certain age group in a certain year and locality per 1000 midyear population of the same age in the same year and locality.
• Age-specific fertility rate (ASFR) is the number of live births to women in a specific age interval per 1000 females in the same age interval, in a certain year and locality.