Communist Manifesto Section 1 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is Marx's view of socialism?

  • Practical, seeks to preserve some form of private property, advocates peaceful change
  • Practical, seeks to abolish private property, advocates violent change
  • Utopian, seeks to abolish private property, advocates violent change
  • Utopian, seeks to preserve some form of private property, advocates peaceful change (correct)

    • What is Marx's view of communism?

    Practical, seeks to abolish private property, advocates violent change

    What does 'private property' mean according to Marx?

    Means of production, property that generates profit (farms, factories, rental housing, etc.)

    What is the history of dialectical materialism?

    <p>Progress is driven by large social forces and is generally not understood by individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Marx view Hegel?

    <p>Hegel correctly stated that historical progress was dialectical but wrongly claimed material reality is determined by ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is materialism according to Marx?

    <p>Material is tied to economics and labor dynamics, history is driven by work and theft, and all history is a history of class conflicts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does modern communism signify?

    <p>The proletariat makes and the proletariat takes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the superstructure in society?

    <p>The society's ideology including philosophy, art, and religion that maintains and justifies the infrastructure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the infrastructure in terms of society?

    <p>Society's material base, including the economy, class conflict, and modes of making and taking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms of false consciousness exist in capitalism?

    <p>Philosophy, art, and religion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is false philosophy according to Marx?

    <p>Individualistic philosophy that makes the proletariat helpless.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes false art in Marx's view?

    <p>Art that enforces rags-to-riches myths or trivial amusements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Marx characterize false religion?

    <p>&quot;The opiate of the masses&quot; that distracts from economic realities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the general causes of revolution according to Marx?

    <p>The obsolescence of the ruling class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are specific causes of capitalist revolution?

    <p>The emergence of the bourgeoisie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are specific causes of communist revolution?

    <p>Alienation in labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Marx's Views on Social Systems

    • Socialism: Seen as utopian, aims to maintain some private property; promotes peaceful reform.
    • Communism: Considered practical, seeks to eliminate private property and endorses revolutionary change.

    Concepts of Property

    • Private Property: Refers to assets generating profit, including farms, factories, and rental properties.

    Dialectical Materialism

    • Historical Progress: Emphasis on conflict as a driving force of history rather than cooperation; significant social forces shape history, often beyond individuals' comprehension.
    • Influence of Darwin: Engels noted Darwin's impact on Marx's thoughts regarding the development of societies.

    Relations to Hegel

    • Dialectical Progress: Marx agreed with Hegel on the dialectical nature of history but disagreed on the primacy of ideas over material conditions.

    Defining Materialism

    • Economic Focus: Material tied closely to economics and labor dynamics; history seen through work and class struggles.

    Modern Communism

    • Proletariat Role: In modern communism, workers (proletariat) are both the producers and claimants of the societal wealth.

    Ideological Structures

    • Superstructure: Represents society's ideologies (philosophy, art, religion), serving to uphold and obscure the realities of the material base.
    • Infrastructure: Consists of the economic structure and class conflicts, which determine the ideologies present in the superstructure.

    False Consciousness in Capitalism

    • Manifestations: False consciousness expressed through philosophy, art, and religion, diverting attention from class struggles.

    Types of False Consciousness

    • False Philosophy: Individualistic thoughts, such as those by Mill, that render the proletariat powerless.
    • False Art: Art promoting unattainable success imagery or trivial entertainment, failing to address real issues.
    • False Religion: Described as "the opiate of the masses"; Weber's arguments contribute to Marxist critique, including concepts like the Protestant work ethic.

    Revolution Causes

    • General Causes: Revolutions stem from outdated superstructures due to infrastructure changes, obsolescence of production modes, and the displacement of ruling classes.

    Capitalist Revolution

    • Emergence of Bourgeoisie: Rise of capitalist producers occurred in the late medieval era, leading to the fall of feudal nobility through developments in governance, literacy, and military.

    Communist Revolution

    • Class Conflict: Tension between bourgeoisie (owners) and proletariat (workers) marks the final class struggle.
    • Bourgeois Obsolescence: Decline in the bourgeoisie's relevance due to their management and ideology failing to address worker needs.
    • Alienation: Increasing division of labor results in worsened working conditions and pay, contributing to revolutionary sentiments.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of key concepts from Section 1 of the Communist Manifesto with these flashcards. Learn about Marx's views on socialism and communism, as well as the idea of private property in a capitalist society. Perfect for students studying political theory and Marxist philosophy.

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