Communicative Strategies Quiz

Communicative Strategies

• Plan of action or technique used by a communicator to improve communication.
• Nomination: Opening and establishing a topic in a conversation.
  • Example: "Hey, are you done with the assignment?"
• Restriction: Limiting participants' contributions to a conversation.
  • Example: only entertaining questions after a discussion
• Turn-Taking: Participants taking turns speaking.
  • Example: acknowledging when another speaker wants to speak
• Topic Shifting: Changing the conversation's direction.
  • Example: moving from one topic to another related topic
• Repair: Addressing errors in communication.
  • Example: apologizing for interruption and continuing
• Termination: Ending a conversation.
  • Example: "Goodbye!"
• Topic Control: Maintaining the conversation's focus without changing the subject.
  • Example: Keeping the flow by asking questions

Language Forms

• Formal or informal
• Declarative (statements), Interrogative (questions), Imperative (commands), Exclamatory (strong emotions)
• Language forms vary based on formality and context

Language Form in Speech Style

• Formal, Frozen, Consultative, Casual, and Intimate styles.

Language Form in Speech Acts

• Assertive and Declaration: Primarily uses declarative language.
• Expressive: Mostly exclamatory language (e.g., "Wow!").
• Directive and Commissive: Employing imperative language.

Language Form in Communicative Strategy

• Nomination, Turn-Taking, and Topic Shifting: Mix of interrogative and imperative sentences.
• Topic Control, Repair, and Termination: Primarily use declarative and exclamatory sentences.

Duration of Interaction/Time

• Length of communication, can be shortened or lengthened based on the flow of conversation

Duration of Time in Speech Style

• Casual Conversation: Shortest interaction.
• Consultative, Intimate, and Formal: Typically one to two hours.
• Frozen Style: Varies in length depending on the context (e.g., short pledge, long script).

Duration of Time in Speech Acts

• Commissive Act: Often considerable (e.g., meetings).
• Expressive Act: Potentially lengthy (e.g., social interaction).

Relationship of the Speaker

• The bond between speaker and receiver based on the context.

Relationship of the Speaker in Speech Context

• Reflects interests, knowledge, and experiences.

Relationship between Speech Style, Acts, and Strategy

• Speaker's attempt to create positive relationships with the audience.

Message in Speech Style, Speech Acts, and Strategy

• Formal and Consultative styles often use formal messages.
• Formal styles include academic, political, educational, and scientific contexts.
• Frozen style (reciting oaths, etc.) mostly use traditional, ritualistic messages.
• Informal and Intimate style mostly use familiar topics like family, local topics, etc.

Message in Speech Acts

• Messages vary based on purpose – directive (directing), assertive (asserting), commissive (committing), expressive (expressing), declaring.

Delivery

• Impromptu, Extemporaneous, Memorized, and Manuscript-based delivery.

Delivery in Speech Style

• Frozen Style: Primarily memorized.
• Formal and Consultative styles: May involve notes, or extemporaneous.
• Casual and Intimate styles: Impromptu.

Delivery in Speech Acts

• Representatives, Directives, and Expressives are often impromptu.
• Declarations (Government/Scientific) might be manuscript or extemporaneous.

Delivery in Communicative Strategies

• Repair might predominantly be impromptu.
• Small group discussions can incorporate all types of strategies.

Audience Profile in Speech Writing

• Understanding the audience's age, gender, education, religion, culture, socio-economic status etc. to tailor the speech is critical.

Factors Affecting Effective Speech Writing

• Chronological Order: Presenting ideas in order of occurrence
• Spatial-Geographical: Presenting ideas based on location
• Causal Order: Explaining cause-and-effect relationships
• Compare and Contrast: Highlighting similarities and differences

Problem/Solution & Categorical/Topical Order Considerations

• **Problem/Solution:**Explains a problem and presents a solution.
• Categorical/Topical: Dividing the topic into subtopics based on value, interest, etc.

Effective Speech Delivery

• Grammar: Important to reduce misunderstandings
• Articulation: Clear pronunciation to help the audience understand
• Modulation: Varying tone and volume for audience engagement/interest
• Stage Presence: Commanding the audience's attention
• Facial Expression: Reflecting the message and emotional tone.
• Gestures and Movement: Help to express oneself and engage the audience.
• Rapport: Establishing connection with the audience.